Post-Mass Drug Administration Transmission Assessment Survey for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis in La Ciénaga, Dominican Republic

Noland, Gregory S.; Blount, Stephen; Gonzalez, Manuel

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0204

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Researchers in Haiti’s La Tortue Island earlier reported a successful TAS survey and the stopping of MDA after just two rounds of treatment [ 16 ]. In the neighboring Dominican Republic, similar results—reduction of antigenemia to below threshold after three rounds of MDA—were found in the urban center of the country, again with low baseline prevalence and high program coverage [ 41 ]. There is potential for programmatic efficiencies if programs targeting LF elimination could be successful with fewer rounds of MDA than are now recommended; whether this would be sufficient to interrupt transmission will need to be determined by operational research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Controlling Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Haiti: Implementation Strategies and Evidence of Their Success

Lemoine¹,

Desormeaux²,

Monestime³

et al. 2016

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Lymphatic filariasis (LF) and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) have been targeted since 2000 in Haiti, with a strong mass drug administration (MDA) program led by the Ministry of Public Health and Population and its collaborating international partners. By 2012, Haiti’s neglected tropical disease (NTD) program had reached full national scale, and with such consistently good epidemiological coverage that it is now able to stop treatment for LF throughout almost all of the country. Essential to this success have been in the detail of how MDAs were implemented. These key programmatic elements included ensuring strong community awareness through an evidence-based, multi-channel communication and education campaign facilitated by voluntary drug distributors; strengthening community trust of the drug distributors by ensuring that respected community members were recruited and received appropriate training, supervision, identification, and motivation; enforcing a “directly observed treatment” strategy; providing easy access to treatment though numerous distribution posts and a strong drug supply chain; and ensuring quality data collection that was used to guide and inform MDA strategies. The evidence that these strategies were effective lies in both the high treatment coverage obtained– 100% geographical coverage reached in 2012, with almost all districts consistently achieving well above the epidemiological coverage targets of 65% for LF and 75% for STH—and the significant reduction in burden of infection– 45 communes having reached the target threshold for stopping treatment for LF. By taking advantage of sustained international financial and technical support, especially during the past eight years, Haiti’s very successful MDA campaign resulted in steady progress toward LF elimination and development of a strong foundation for ongoing STH control. These efforts, as described, have not only helped establish the global portfolio of “best practices” for NTD control but also are poised to help solve two of the most important future NTD challenges—how to maintain control of STH infections after the community-based LF “treatment platform” ceases and how to ensure appropriate morbidity management for patients currently suffering from lymphatic filarial disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Controlling Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Haiti: Implementation Strategies and Evidence of Their Success

Lemoine¹,

Desormeaux²,

Monestime³

et al. 2016

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…A high coverage (> 85%) is essential to achieve the interruption of transmission and elimination of disease. 7 Mass Drug Administration has been implemented in the Pabean Area that takes the drug consisting of DEC, albendazole and paracetamol given once a year for at least 5 years. DEC and albendazole are safe and welltolerated drugs, but sometimes the reaction can occur mainly on the treatment of filarial worm infections species Brugia malayi and Brugia timori.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bancroftian Filariasis Transmission Parameters after the Fifth Year of Filiariasis Mass Drug Administration in Pekalongan City

Rosanti

Mardihusodo

Artama

2017

Kesmas: National Public Health Journal

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This study aimed to measure parasitology parameters (microfilariae rate, microfilariae density), immunology parameter (antigen prevalence), and entomology parameters (infection rate and infective rate) after the fifth year of mass drug administration at Pabean Village, Pekalongan City. This study was an observational study with cross-sectional approach that was conducted in July to August 2015 in Pabean Subdistrict, Pekalongan City. The microfilaria rate and microfilariae density were determined by finger blood survey of 313 respondents. Meanwhile, the antigen prevalence was determined by calculating the circulating antigen using the immunochromatographic test (ICT) Wuchereria bancrofti method. Finally, the infective rate and infection rate were both explicitly defined by detecting filarial worm larvae in the mosquitoes of man biting mosquitos collection. The results showed that the mf rate was 0.32% with average microfilariae density of 167/mL blood, the antigen prevalence of the calculation was 0%, the infection rate was 0.06% and the infective rate was 0%. In conclusion, after the fifth year of mass treatment in Pabean Area, Pekalongan City, the area is no longer included into the filariasis-endemic areas and the transmission parameters has no potential in causing the filariasis spreading. Keywords: Filariasis, mass treatment, transmission parameter Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur parameter parasitologi (microfilaria rate, kepadatan mikrofilaria), parameter imunologi (antigen prevalence) dan parameter entomologi (infection rate dan infective rate) pada tahun kelima pelaksanaan mass drug administration di Kelurahan Pabean Kota Pekalongan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2015 di Kelurahan Pabean Kota Pekalongan. Microfilaria rate dan kepadatan mikrofilaria ditentukan dengan pemeriksaan darah jari pada 313 responden. Antigen prevalence ditentukan dengan mengukur antigen beredar menggunakan metode immunochromatographic test (ICT) Wuchereria bancrofti. Incective rate dan infection rate diukur dengan cara menemukan larva cacing filaria pada nyamuk hasil penangkapan nyamuk umpan orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mf rate sebesar 0,32% dengan kepadatan mikrofilaria 167/mL darah, antigen prevalence pada hasil 0%, infection rate sebesar 0,06% dan infective rate sebesar 0%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasca tahun kelima pengobatan massal filariasis di Kelurahan Pabean, Kota Pekalongan tidak lagi menjadi wilayah endemis filariasis dan parameter-parameter transmisi tidak berpotensi menimbulkan penularan.

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“…This result is not surprising because the only recent anti-malarial MDA campaign in the country was in 2005 in the El Seibo province, located several hours' drive from the capital. MDA campaigns against lymphatic lariasis have also taken place in several regions of the country, including annual treatment in the nearby Santo Domingo de Guzman neighborhood of La Ciénaga from 2004-2006 [27]. After providing a formal de nition of MDA, nearly all agreed that they would participate.…”

Section: Recommendation Strengths Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Ethnographic Assessment for Potential Anti-Malarial Mass Drug Administration in an Outbreak Area of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Keys

Ureña²,

Reyes³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: In the Dominican Republic, a recent outbreak of malaria in the capital, Santo Domingo, threatens efforts to eliminate the disease. Mass drug administration (MDA) has been proposed as one strategy to reduce transmission. The success of MDA is contingent upon high levels of acceptance among the target population. To inform the design of future MDA campaigns, this rapid ethnographic assessment examined malaria-related knowledge and attitudes toward malaria MDA among residents of a transmission focus in Santo Domingo.Methods: In October 2019, a rapid ethnographic assessment was conducted in the Los Tres Brazos transmission focus, which had not previously received MDA. National malaria program staff conducted 61 structured interviews with key informants, recorded observations, and held 72 informal conversations. Using a grounded theory approach, data were analyzed during three workshop sessions with research team members. Results: Among those who had heard of malaria in the structured interviews (n=39/61; 64%), understanding of the disease was largely based on personal experience from past outbreaks or through word-of-mouth. Community health workers (promotores) were trusted for health information and malaria diagnosis more so than professional clinicians. Neighborhood associations (juntas de vecinos) were seen as self-serving and politically corrupt. No participant (0%) was familiar with malaria MDA. After learning about MDA, almost all study participants (92%) said that they would participate, seeing it as a way to care for their community. Reasons for not participating in future MDA included not trusting drug administrators, feeling reluctant to take unprescribed medicine, and fear of missing work. Additional identified challenges to MDA included reaching specific demographic groups, disseminating effective MDA campaign messages, and managing misinformation and political influence. Conclusion: Residents appear accepting of MDA despite a lack of prior familiarity. Successful MDA will depend on several factors: fostering relationships among community-based health workers, clinicians, community leaders, and others; developing clear health messages that use local terms and spreading them through a variety of media and social networks; and contextualizing MDA as part of a broader effort to promote community health.

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Post-Mass Drug Administration Transmission Assessment Survey for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis in La Ciénaga, Dominican Republic

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Controlling Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Haiti: Implementation Strategies and Evidence of Their Success

Controlling Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Haiti: Implementation Strategies and Evidence of Their Success

Bancroftian Filariasis Transmission Parameters after the Fifth Year of Filiariasis Mass Drug Administration in Pekalongan City

Rapid Ethnographic Assessment for Potential Anti-Malarial Mass Drug Administration in an Outbreak Area of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

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