Post-irradiation leiomyosarcoma of the maxilla: Report of a case in a patient with prior radiation treatment for retinoblastoma

Leiomyosarcomas of the oral cavity: report of a radiation-associated and a metastatic case

“…The occurrence of LMS in the oral cavity is extremely uncommon due to the scarcity of smooth muscle tissue in the mouth [3]. Oral LMS may occur as primary tumors, metastasis, or radiation-associated tumors [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], the two latter being exceedingly rare. The present report describes two cases of oral LMS: one developing in a previously irradiated area and the other developing as a metastasis from an abdominal tumor.…”

Nasal Sinus Leiomyosarcoma in a Patient with History of Non-Hereditary Unilateral Treated Retinoblastoma

“…The reported cases of sinonasal LMS complicated the bilateral hereditary form of treated RB in 13 of the 15 cases. In the only other previously reported case with history of unilateral RB, the patient involved had a positive family history for RB as his three children each subsequently developed unilateral RB in infancy [13]. Thus to the best of our knowledge, the present case appears to be the first case of sinonasal LMS arising in a patient with a history of non-hereditary unilateral RB.…”

“…All patients received radiation therapy for treatment of RB. The majority of cases that listed the relationship of the tumor to the field of radiation reported that the secondary tumor arose on the ipsilateral side including the current case [4,9,13]. One case reported a secondary tumor arising on the contralateral side of radiation field [4].…”

“…First, there is some degree of anatomic overlap in the primary tumor origin in the craniofacial area, which makes classifying tumors that are purely sinonasal in origin difficult. Table 1 lists 14 reported cases of LMS clearly identified as primarily arising from the sinonasal tract of patients with a history of RB selected in addition to the present case [3,4,[9][10][11][12][13][14]. In the large cohort studies of Kleinerman et al [1] and MacCarthy et al [2] of patients with a history of RB developing secondary malignancy the studies did not specify the location in conjunction with the tumor type and thus patients specifically matching the criteria of sinonasal LMS could not be identified.…”

Carcinosarcoma of the Palate

“…Angiosarcoma may occur 9-10 years following external beam radiotherapy for breast carcinoma. 25,26 Leiomyosarcoma of the maxilla in a 30-year-old man who received radiotherapy for retinoblastoma in infancy 27 and fibrosarcoma of the sella developing 5 years after external beam radiation for an invasive pituitary adenoma are on record. 28 In the present case, PRS could be excluded as the latent period was too short (2 years), and the original palatal biopsy showed features that correlated with the lymph node FNA.…”