Post-hepatectomy haemorrhage: a definition and grading by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS)

Abstract

The proposed definition and grading of severity of PHH enables valid comparisons of results from different studies. It is easily applicable in clinical routine and should be applied in future trials to standardize reporting of complications.

A multicentre retrospective study of transcatheter angiographic embolization in the treatment of delayed haemorrhage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

“…There is no standard classification for post-PCNL haemorrhage [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery and the International Study Group of Liver Surgery [21,22] term post-haemorrhage occurring within the first 24 hours postoperatively as "early" and that occurring more than 24 hours after surgery as "delayed" or "late". Early postoperative haemorrhage is most likely caused by a technical failure during the index operation or an underlying perioperative coagulopathy.…”

“…In hemodynamically stable patients, the severity of bleeding can be an indication for TAE [8,21,22,27]. A decrease in haemoglobin concentration is the most widely used index for determining the severity of bleeding in clinical surgery [8,21,22,27]. The use of single hematocrit measurements is not recommended as an isolated laboratory marker for bleeding [28].…”

Propensity score-matched outcomes analysis of the liver-first approach for synchronous colorectal liver metastases

“…Morbidity was classified using the Clavien-DemartinesDindo system 14 . Postoperative bile leakage 15 , hepatic insufficiency 16 and postoperative haemorrhage 17 were defined according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery criteria. Perioperative mortality was defined as death during the same hospital admission or within 30 days of hepatic resection.…”

Curative-intent Surgery for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma with and without Portal Vein Resection - A Comparative Analysis of Early and Late Outcomes

“…For the patients with more than one complication, the highest grade of complication was assigned. The posthepatectomy liver failure (40), hemorrhage (41) and bile leak (42) were defined and graded according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS). The postoperative mortality was considered at 90-days.…”