Post-Emergence Control of Windmillgrass (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Chloris verticillata&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Nutt.) Using Selected Herbicides

Smeda, Reid J.; Xiong, Xi

doi:10.4236/ajps.2019.108094

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Herbicide mixture has a great importance in the management of weeds difficult-to-control, as well as in the prevention of selection of herbicide-resistant biotypes (16,18). The results of our study indicate the association of glyphosate with ACCase-inhibiting herbicides as an effective alternative in controlling C. elata, as also observed by other authors for Chloris spp., (15,27), also highlighting the herbicide glufosinate (GS inhibitor) in these mixtures, which indicates that other mechanisms of action should be considered in the management of Chloris spp. (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mixtures between glyphosate formulations and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in the control of Chloris elata

et al. 2021

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Chloris elata is an important weed for grain and sugarcane crops. In addition to its aggressiveness, it may show resistance to glyphosate herbicide. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of glyphosate formulations, isolated or in association with ACCase inhibitors, in controlling C. elata (putatively resistant to glyphosate) at different developmental stages. Four experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of glyphosate application under different formulations with ACCase inhibitors, isolated or in mixtures. Applications were carried out at the stages of four fully expanded leaves in Experiment I, four tillers in Experiment II, and at regrowth of the four-tiller plants in Experiments III and IV. Applications of glyphosate isopropylamine salt associated with sethoxydim or clethodim showed to be among the best treatments in Experiments I, II, and III, presenting control scores equal to or greater than 90%. However, not even these treatments could provide successful control in Experiment IV. Moreover, and regardless of the formulation, isolated glyphosate, showed 85% (Experiment III) and 50% (Experiment IV) maximum controls. Associations between glyphosate and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides showed to be effective in controlling C. elata, especially at early developmental stages. In general, isolated herbicides provided lower percentages of control, as well as higher values of dry matter. Sole herbicide applications were not effective in controlling C. elata (putatively resistant to glyphosate), regardless of the developmental stage. Highlights: Mixtures between glyphosate and ACCase-inhibiting have been shown to be effective in C. elata control, especially in the early development stages. Isolated herbicide applications were not effective in controlling C. elata, regardless of the development stage. Mixtures between glyphosate and ACCase-inhibiting is more important in the control than the glyphosate formulation or ACCase-inhibiting used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mixtures between glyphosate formulations and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in the control of Chloris elata

et al. 2021

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Windmill grass (Chloris spp.) as a non‐wood source of cellulose for reinforcement of starch films

Flores‐Martínez,

Cruz‐Rodríguez,

Arredondo‐Tamayo

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Nowadays, non‐timber sources are of greater interest as they avoid deforestation and the pollution which occurs with cellulose obtention. An emerging alternative is using weeds such as windmill grass (Chloris spp.) to isolate cellulose since the plant grows in large quantities near crops or landfills used for farming. The present study aims to explore windmill grass as an alternative source of cellulose for applications as reinforcement in biopolymeric matrices. Treatment was conducted using the peroxyformic pulping method, varying the formic acid (FA) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentration to obtain an optimum cellulose extraction condition. The isolated celluloses were analyzed for chemical composition, yield, chemical functionality, crystallinity, and morphology. The optimum pulping condition (FA = 87.5%, HP = 3%) shows the gradual removal of non‐cellulosic components by microscopy. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed a high crystallinity index (89.63%) with a characteristic cellulose type I pattern. To evaluate the reinforced effect of Chloris spp. celluloses, film formulations were made using sweet potato starch, glycerol, and cellulose at different concentrations (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% w/w). The films' mechanical, physicochemical, and thermal properties were measured, and results indicate that adding cellulose fibers significantly improves these properties of sweet potato starch films, revealing further applications and non‐wood windmill grass added value with potential applications in the packaging sector.Highlights Windmill grass (Chloris spp.) is presented as a non‐wood source of cellulose. The peroxyformic method is reported as a less polluting cellulose extraction process. Optimal cellulose pulp presents enhanced physicochemical properties after bleaching. Cellulose‐reinforced sweet potato starch films exhibit a stable biopolymeric matrix. The films produced show enhanced water barrier and mechanical/thermal properties.

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Post-Emergence Control of Windmillgrass (<i>Chloris verticillata</i> Nutt.) Using Selected Herbicides

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Mixtures between glyphosate formulations and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in the control of Chloris elata

Mixtures between glyphosate formulations and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in the control of Chloris elata

Windmill grass (Chloris spp.) as a non‐wood source of cellulose for reinforcement of starch films

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