Post Construction Green Infrastructure Performance Monitoring Parameters and Their Functional Components

Abstract

Drainage system infrastructures in most urbanized cities have reached or exceeded their design life cycle and are characterized by running with inadequate capacity. These highly degraded infrastructures are already overwhelmed and continued to impose a significant challenge to the quality of water and ecological systems. With predicted urban growth and climate change the situation is only going to get worse. As a result, municipalities are increasingly considering the concept of retrofitting existing stormwater drainage systems with green infrastructure practices as the first and an important step to reduce stormwater runoff volume and pollutant load inputs into combined sewer systems (CSO) and wastewater facilities. Green infrastructure practices include an open green space that can absorb stormwater runoff, ranging from small-scale naturally existing pocket of lands, right-of-way bioswales, and trees planted along the sidewalk as well as large-scale public parks. Despite the growing municipalities' interest to retrofit existing stormwater drainage systems with green infrastructure, few studies and relevant information are available on their performance and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, this paper aims to help professionals learn about and become familiar with green infrastructure, decrease implementation barriers, and provide guidance for monitoring green infrastructure using the combination of survey questionnaires, meta-narrative and systematic literature review techniques.

Successful Key Management of Implementation The sustainable City Park Construction in Jakarta

“…Maintenance costs are continuous, causing them to be considered. Design considerations, selection of landscape materials, and community involvement are required from the planning stage [20,21]. This effort is made to provide acceptable solutions and instil a strong sense of ownership in the community [22,23].…”

IoT-Based Operational Information Management for Built Landscape Projects: From Vacancy to Approaches

“…IoT-BIM integration has achieved real-time data feedback and visualization in industrial manufacturing, power supply facility monitoring, construction safety, building energy management, etc. [43] , which offers references of dynamic LIM to landscape architects: 1) automatic storage and analysis of postoperation data can inform project evaluation and management [44] ; 2) dynamic modeling combined with visualized interfaces facilitates problem-finding in design and maintenance stage, optimizes facility layout, and avoids over-design or gratuitous overhead; and 3) clarify the responsibility and duty of each stakeholder, and particularly for government-funded or PPP projects the payment should depend on the whole life-cycle performance (i.e. design, construction, and management) of the project [45] .…”

“…将逐步形成，高效的存储、分析和可视化等OIM需求也会接踵而至。简 要来说，在线监测更多关注以往被忽略的生态数据的获取，而动态建模 则聚焦于系统化的数据组织与呈现。在BIM领域，运行阶段的信息模型 动态化是目前工作流中最薄弱的新兴技术环节。 在现有比较成熟的BIM的工作流中，不同的设计师、建模师、结构 工程师、造价分析师和施工单位之间基于BIM协同工作，实现了设计建 造阶段的高效合作、分析和出图 [42] 。但BIM的意义远不止于体现"一张 图"带来的高效工程设计流程，动态模型能够有效发挥信息模型在项目 运营、维护、管理阶段的优势，实现基于运行数据的实时分析、评估、 决策。因此，动态信息建模并非只是软件组合的工作流，其核心优势在 于信息的实时反馈。现有I o T和B I M耦合技术已经在工业制造、能源设 施监测、施工安全及建筑物能耗等场景实现了实时信息反馈和呈现 [43] ， 其方法对于动态L I M构建具有借鉴意义：1)项目后期运行数据的自动 化存储和分析可为评估和管理提供依据 [44] ；2)动态模型结合可视化界 面能使管理者直观地发现设计和维护问题、优化设施布局、避免无效和 过度设计及资金浪费；3)协助划定责任边界，针对政府投资、P P P等 多种开发模式，实现设计、施工、管理阶段的全生命周期按效付费 [45] 。 建筑热消耗的R e v i t模型 [46] 。丁凯等人开发了一种钢制桥梁全生命周 期的B I M体系框架，基于R e v i t整合了力学模拟、施工监测、运行维护 实时数据等多类动态模型 [47] 。但是这一方式推广的阻力恰恰来自于软 件平台本身：目前，相比于BIM的工业基础分类(Industry Foundation…”

Small-scale dispersed Green Infrastructure – a fitting civil engineering solution to stormwater quality improvement?

“…For example, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) promotes GI as an ecological way to manage stormwater through promoting on-site treatment as a way to include natural plant-based systems in the urban environment (Yang et al 2015). In some USA states, GI application is even mandated by water regulators as part of new urban development projects (Anderson et al 2016), and is otherwise gaining much ground internationally (Geberemarium 2017). For example, a variety of GI systems have been implemented in New York City from as far back as the 1990s and the city released its Green Infrastructure Plan in 2010 already ( UN Water 2018).…”