Post-anthesis sink size in a high-yielding dwarf wheat: yield response to grain number

Fischer, Ronald P.; Aguilar, Ignácio; Laing,

doi:10.1071/ar9770165

Cited by 66 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Application of P fertilizer did not affect kernels per spike or kernel weight. Other researchers have found strong relationships between grain yield and kernels per unit area in spring and/or winter wheat (Fischer et al 1977;Shanahan et al 1984;Entz and Fowler 1991;McCaig and Clarke 1995;Lafond and Gan 1999). However, those studies were unable to differentiate whether the increased kernels per unit area was due to the increased kernels per spike or spikes per unit area.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Feasibility of applying all nitrogen and phosphorus requirements at planting of no-till winter wheat

Lafond¹,

Gan²,

Johnston³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2001. Feasibility of applying all nitrogen and phosphorus requirements at planting of no-till winter wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 373-383. The recent advances in no-till seeding technology are providing new N management options for crop production on the prairies. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential interaction between P and N fertilizer on winter wheat production in a one-pass seeding and fertilizing system and to determine the feasibility of side-banding all N requirements using urea or anhydrous ammonia at planting as compared with the current practice of broadcasting ammonium nitrate early in the spring. Three forms of N fertilizer (urea, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium nitrate), three rates of N (50, 75 and 100 kg ha -1 ) and three rates of P (0, 9 and 17 kg P ha -1 ) were investigated. Urea and anhydrous ammonia were applied during the seeding operation, whereas ammonium nitrate was broadcast the following spring. Applying P fertilizer to the side and below the seed at planting with rates >9 kg P ha -1 increased grain yield in 3 out of 6 site-years when ammonium nitrate was broadcast early in the spring. The positive yield response to P corresponded to soil test levels of 24 kg P ha -1 . With soil test levels greater than 34 kg P ha -1 , grain yield response to P fertilizer was not observed. When urea was banded at planting, together with P fertilizer, the yield increases with the increased P rates was shown only in 1 out of 6 site-years. At 5 of the 6 site-years, grain protein concentration was not affected by P fertilizer; while for 1 siteyear, the high rate of P fertilization decreased grain protein concentration. Responses of total grain N and P yields to P fertilization were parallel to the corresponding responses of P fertilization to grain yield, and were rarely associated with N or P concentrations in the grain. Applying N fertilizer at rates of 50 to 100 kg N ha -1 increased winter wheat grain yields by 3 to 8% in 3 out of 6 site-years. The high N rates increased grain protein concentrations in all 6 site-years. Grain protein concentration was 6% greater with N fertilizer applied as ammonium nitrate in early spring than when banding urea or anhydrous ammonia at planting. More consistent improvements in grain yield and grain protein concentration were obtained when the N fertilizer was applied as ammonium nitrate in the spring. Further research is required to determine the benefits of applying some of the crop's N fertilizer requirements at planting, to reduce the risks of N stresses when the spring application is delayed because of adverse weather or soil conditions. Key words: Ammonium nitrate, anhydrous ammonia, grain yield, nitrogen timing, phosphorus, protein, urea Lafond, G. P., Gan, Y. T., Johnston, A. M., Domitruk, D., Stevenson, F. C. et Head, K. W. 2001. atisfaction des besoins totaux en azote et en phosphore du blé d'hiver lors des semis directs. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 373-383. Les améliorations récentes apportées aux techniques de semis direct ouvrent de nouvelles...

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confidence: 92%

Feasibility of applying all nitrogen and phosphorus requirements at planting of no-till winter wheat

Lafond¹,

Gan²,

Johnston³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Total leaf water potential was measured using a pressure chamber (PMS, Instrument Company, Corvallis, Oregon). Twothirds of top leaf lamina was excised and placed immediately into a rubber stopper, and used to read water potential according to Fischer et al (1977) and Singh et al (1982). Five plants plot -1 were used to determine water potential.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships between seed yield and 20 related traits of 49 canola (Brassica napus L.) genotypes in non-stressed and water-stressed environments

Sabaghnia

Dehghani

Alizadeh

et al. 2010

Span. j. agric. res.

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Development of new canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars requires efficient tools to monitor trait association in a breeding program. The efficiency of a breeding program depends mainly on the direction of the correlation between yield and its components and the relative importance of each component involved in contributing to seed yield. This research uses sequential path analysis to determine the interrelationships among seed yield and 20 related traits. Forty nine canola genotypes were grown in two environments (non-stressed and water-stressed conditions) to determine the important components of seed yield. Observations were recorded on 20 other canola traits. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed seed yield was positively correlated with all the traits except stem diameter and days to flowering in the non-stressed environment. Seed yield was significantly positively correlated with all measured traits except first pod height, first lateral branch height, number of lateral branches pod -1 , number of pods plant -1 and stem diameter in the water-stressed environment. Sequential path analysis identified the 1,000-seed weight (TSW) and main stem length as important first order traits that influenced seed yield in the non-stressed environment. Plant height and the TSW were important first order traits that influenced seed yield in the water-stressed environment. All direct effects were significant, as indicated by bootstrap analysis. The results suggest that TSW could be used as a selection criterion in selecting for increased seed yield in canola in both non-stressed and water-stressed conditions. Additional key words: bootstrap analysis, conventional path analysis, drought tolerance. Resumen Interrelación entre el rendimiento de las semillas y veinte caracteres asociados de 49 cultivares de colza (Brassica napus L.) en entornos sin estrés y con estrés hídricoEn los programas de mejora, el desarrollo de nuevos cultivares de colza (Brassica napus L.) requiere herramientas eficaces para analizar la correlación entre el rendimiento de las semillas y sus componentes genéticos. La presente investigación utiliza un análisis secuencial para determinar las interrelaciones entre el rendimiento de las semillas y 20 caracteres relacionados. Se cultivaron 49 genotipos de colza en dos ambientes (sin estrés y con estrés hídrico) para determinar los componentes más importantes del rendimiento de las semillas y se realizaron observaciones sobre otros 20 caracteres. El análisis del coeficiente de correlación reveló que el rendimiento de las semillas está positivamente correlacionado con todos estos caracteres, excepto con el diámetro del tallo y días hasta la floración en condiciones sin estrés, y con la altura de la primera vaina, altura de la primera rama lateral, número de ramas laterales por vaina, número de vainas por planta y diámetro del tallo, en condiciones de estrés hídrico. Del análisis secuencial se dedujo que el peso de 1.000 semillas (TSW) y la longitud de tallo principal son los caracteres que más influ...

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“…Rice yield is mainly dependent on producing ability of dry matter before heading (Katsura et al, 2007). It is commonly observed in rice as well as other cereals that fertile floret percentage and floret number per unit area are negatively correlated (Fischer et al, 1977;Matsushima, 1957). Matsushima (1957) proposed that sink size was mainly responsible for yield difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment in rice

Song

Zeng

Pao

et al. 2008

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:We characterized yield-relevant characters and their variations over genotypes and environments (locations and years) by examining two rice varieties (9746 and Jinfeng) with high yield potential. 9746 and Jinfeng were planted in two locations of Shanghai, China, during 2005 and2006. The results show that there was a large variation in grain yield between locations and years. The realization of high yield potential for the two types of rice was closely related to the improved sink size, such as more panicles per square meter or grains per panicle. Stem and leaf biomasses were mainly accumulated from tillering stage to heading stage, and showed slow decline during grain filling. Meanwhile, some photosynthetic characters including net photosynthesis rate (P n ), leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA), fluorescence parameter (maximum quantum yield of PSII, F v /F m ), chlorophyll content (expressed as SPAD value), as well as nutrient (N, P, K) uptake were also measured to determine their variations over genotypes and environments and their relationships with grain yield. Although there were significant differences between years or locations for most measurements, SLA at tillering and heading stages, F v /F m and LAI at heading stage, stem biomass at heading and maturity stages, and leaf nitrogen concentration at tillering and heading stages remained little changed, indicating their possible applications as selectable characters in breeding programs. It was also found that stem nitrogen accumulation at tillering stage is one of the most important and stable traits for high yield formation.

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Post-anthesis sink size in a high-yielding dwarf wheat: yield response to grain number

Cited by 66 publications

References 7 publications

Feasibility of applying all nitrogen and phosphorus requirements at planting of no-till winter wheat

Feasibility of applying all nitrogen and phosphorus requirements at planting of no-till winter wheat

Interrelationships between seed yield and 20 related traits of 49 canola (Brassica napus L.) genotypes in non-stressed and water-stressed environments

Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment in rice

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