Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment in rice

Song, Chen; Zeng, Fanrong; Pao, Zong-zhi; Zhang, Guoping

doi:10.1631/jzus.b0710603

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…This might suggest that qTSN4 effects on panicle size are not directly controlled by qTSN4 but indirectly via whole-plant assimilate source-sink relations. If its effect on panicle size is indirect, we can expect it to be (1) highly prone to GxE interactions (Zhuang et al 1997 ; Kobayashi et al 2004 ; Chen et al 2008 ), (2) non-specific with respect to panicle architectural traits (conservation of structural allometric relationships as panicle size varies), and (3) associated with pre-floral growth rate which is known to physiologically control panicle size (Horie et al 2003 ; Kamiji et al 2011 ). To test these hypotheses, we challenged NILs for qTSN4 with variable light resources, focused on structural panicle traits and determined their relationship with pre-floral growth rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both spikelet number and stem growth rates between PI and flowering were larger in the field than in GH, and the correlation across factors was particularly strong for the NILs having IRRI146 background, which also showed the more consistent qTSN4 effect. In addition, Sheehy et al ( 2001 ), Takai et al ( 2006 ) and Chen et al ( 2008 ) reported that biomass accumulation in the stem (including leaf sheath) during panicle development contributes to panicle spikelet number. Also, spikelet number shares a common genetic basis with above-ground biomass (Zhang et al 2004 ) and crop growth rate at 14 days before heading (Horie et al 2003 , Kamiji et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rice panicle plasticity in Near Isogenic Lines carrying a QTL for larger panicle is genotype and environment dependent

Adriani

Dingkuhn

Dardou

et al. 2016

Rice

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BackgroundPanicle architectural traits in rice (branching, rachis length, spikelet number) are established between panicle initiation and heading stages. They vary among genotypes and are prone to Genotype x Environment interactions. Together with panicle number, panicle architecture determines sink-based yield potential. Numerous studies analyzed genetic and environmental variation of plant morphology, but the plasticity of panicle structure is less well understood. This study addressed the response of rice panicle size and structure to limited light availability at plant level for near-isogenic lines (NILs) with IR64 or IRRI146 backgrounds, carrying the QTL qTSN4 (syn. SPIKE) for large panicles. Full light and shading in the greenhouse and two population densities in the field were implemented. The image analysis tool P-TRAP was used to analyze the architecture of detached panicles.ResultsThe qTSN4 increased total branch length, branching frequency and spikelet number per panicle in IRRI146 background in the field and greenhouse, and in IR64 background in the greenhouse, but not for IR64 in the field. In the field, however, qTSN4 reduced panicle number, neutralizing any potential yield gains from panicle size. Shading during panicle development reduced spikelet and branch number but qTSN4 mitigated partly this effect. Spikelet number over total branch length (spikelet density) was a stable allometry across genotypes and treatments with variation in spikelet number mainly due to the frequency of secondary branches. Spikelet number on the main tiller was correlated with stem growth rate during panicle development, indicating that effects on panicle size seemed related to resources available per tiller.ConclusionsThe qTSN4 effects on panicle spikelet number appear as indirect and induced by upstream effects on pre-floral assimilate resources at tiller level, as they were (1) prone to G x E interactions, (2) non-specific with respect to panicle architectural traits, and (3) associated with pre-floral stem growth rate.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0101-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice panicle plasticity in Near Isogenic Lines carrying a QTL for larger panicle is genotype and environment dependent

Adriani

Dingkuhn

Dardou

et al. 2016

Rice

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“…Rice plants grown in presence of hydrolyzate filtrate, and feather hydrolyzate with bioinoculant showed higher number of tillers per plant over other treatments. The tillering number is one of the most important indicators of crop yield potential as it is closely related with the number of panicles per unit area in the rice plants . Similarly, Kim et al reported that feather digests exhibited the same growth effect as that of N fertilizer on carrot and Chinese cabbage.…”

Section: Biofertilizing Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feather degradation by keratinolytic bacteria and biofertilizing potential for sustainable agricultural production

et al. 2018

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Feathers account for 5–7% of the total weight of chicken have become one of the major pollutants due to their recalcitrant nature. Feather which is constituted of 90% keratin can be a good source of peptides, amino acids, and minerals for use as organic fertilizer. Traditional feather degradation methods consume large amount of energy and reduces the overall quality of the proteins. However, degradation of keratin by keratinolytic bacteria may represent as an alternative for the development of cheap, cost effective, eco‐friendly, and easily available nitrogen (N) and minerals rich source as potential organic fertilizers. Keratinase enzymes from bacteria are serine‐type proteases showing optimal activity at pH 6 to 9 and 30 to 50 °C. Mechanism of degradation includes, sulfitolysis, proteolysis, followed by deamination. Keratinolytic bacteria showing antagonism against important plant pathogens may act as biocontrol agent. Feather hydrolyzate can also be employed as nitrogenous fertilizers for plant growth. Tryptophan release from the feather degradation can act as precursor for plant phytohormone, indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA). Solubilization of inorganic phosphate (P) by keratinolytic bacteria may further elevate the growth of plant. Application of hydrolyzate increases the water holding capacity, N, carbon (C) and mineral content of the soil. It elevates protein, amino acids, and chlorophyll content of plant. Feather hydrolyzate enhances seed germination and growth of plant. Soil application further increases the population of beneficial bacteria. The use of keratinolytic bacteria having antagonistic and plant growth promoting activities, and feather hydrolyzate can emerge as sustainable and alternative tools to promote and improve organic farming, agro‐ecosystem, environment, human health, and soil biological activities.

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“…Grain yield elaboration in cereals depends on the establishment of panicle number per square meter and panicle size, grain filling rate, and individual grain size (Chen et al, 2008 ; Gaju et al, 2014 ). All these traits are known to compensate per unit area i.e., among plants (Zhang and Yamagishi, 2010 ) and within the plant where they compete for the same pool of C and N resources (Okawa et al, 2003 ; Hashida et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The qTSN Positive Effect on Panicle and Flag Leaf Size of Rice is Associated with an Early Down-Regulation of Tillering

et al. 2016

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The qTSN4 was identified as rice QTL (Quantitative Traits Locus) increasing total spikelet number per panicle and flag leaf area but potentially reducing panicle number depending on the environment. So far, this trade-off was mainly observed at grain maturity and not specifically studied in details, limiting the apprehension of the agronomic interest of qTSN4. This study aimed to understand the effect of qTSN4 and of the environment on panicle sizing, its trade-off with panicle number, and finally plant grain production. It compared two high yielding genotypes to their Near Isogenic Lines (NIL) carrying either QTL qTSN4 or qTSN12, two distinct QTLs contributing to the enlarged panicle size, thereafter designated as qTSN. Traits describing C sink (organ appearance rate, size, biomass) and source (leaf area, photosynthesis, sugar availability) were dynamically characterized along plant and/or panicle development within two trials (greenhouse, field), each comparing two treatments contrasting for plant access to light (with or without shading, high or low planting densities). The positive effect of qTSN on panicle size and flag leaf area of the main tiller was confirmed. More precisely, it could be shown that qTSN increased leaf area and internode cross-section, and in some cases of the photosynthetic rate and starch reserves, of the top 3–4 phytomers of the main tiller. This was accompanied by an earlier tillering cessation, that coincided with the initiation of these phytomers, and an enhanced panicle size on the main tiller. Plant leaf area at flowering was not affected by qTSN but fertile tiller number was reduced to an extent that depended on the environment. Accordingly, plant grain production was enhanced by qTSN only under shading in the greenhouse experiment, where panicle number was not affected and photosynthesis and starch storage in internodes was enhanced. The effect of qTSN on rice phenotype was thus expressed before panicle initiation (PI). Whether early tillering reduction or organ oversizing at meristem level is affected first cannot be entirely unraveled. Further studies are needed to better understand any signal involved in this early regulation and the qTSN × Environment interactions underlying its agronomic interest.

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Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment in rice

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Rice panicle plasticity in Near Isogenic Lines carrying a QTL for larger panicle is genotype and environment dependent

Rice panicle plasticity in Near Isogenic Lines carrying a QTL for larger panicle is genotype and environment dependent

Feather degradation by keratinolytic bacteria and biofertilizing potential for sustainable agricultural production

The qTSN Positive Effect on Panicle and Flag Leaf Size of Rice is Associated with an Early Down-Regulation of Tillering

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