Possible Vertical Transmission of Bartonella bacilliformis in Peru

Tuya, Ximena L.; Escalante-Kanashiro, Raffo; Tinco, Carmen; Pons, María J.; Petrozzi, Verónica; Ruiz, Joaquı́m; Valle, Jaume del

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.14-0098

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In contrast to those studies, no congenital infections were recognized in bank voles Myodes glareolus in the UK [ 12 ]. Several cases of human congenital bartonellosis have been reported and attributed to different species of Bartonella [ 30 , 31 ], including the case of a 22-day-old boy from Peru [ 32 ]. All of the above findings indicate that further studies on vertical transmission of these vector-borne bacteria are still needed to enable a comprehensive epidemiological assessment of the risk of infection by this route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bartonella infections in three species of Microtus: prevalence and genetic diversity, vertical transmission and the effect of concurrent Babesia microti infection on its success

et al. 2018

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BackgroundBartonella spp. cause persistent bacterial infections in mammals. Although these bacteria are transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods, there is also evidence for vertical transmission in their mammalian hosts. We aimed to determine: (i) the prevalence and diversity of Bartonella spp. in a Microtus spp. community; (ii) whether vertical transmission occurs from infected female voles to their offspring; (iii) the effect of concurrent Babesia microti infection on the success of vertical transmission of Bartonella; and (iv) the impact of congenital infection on pup survival.ResultsWe sampled 124 Microtus arvalis, 76 Microtus oeconomus and 17 Microtus agrestis. In total, 115 embryos were isolated from 21 pregnant females. In the following year 11 pregnant females were kept until they had given birth and weaned their pups (n = 62). Blood smears and PCR targeting the Bartonella-specific rpoB gene fragment (333bp) were used for the detection of Bartonella. Bartonella DNA was detected in 66.8% (145/217) of the wild-caught voles. Bartonella infection was detected in 81.8% (36/44) of pregnant female voles. Bartonella-positive individuals were identified among the embryos (47.1%; 40/85) and in 54.8% (34/62) of pups. Congenitally acquired Bartonella infections and co-infection with B. microti had no impact on the survival of pups over a 3-week period post partum. Among 113 Bartonella sequences, four species were detected: Bartonella taylorii, Bartonella grahamii, Bartonella doshiae and a Bartonella rochalimae-like genotype. Bartonella taylorii clade B was the dominant species in wild-caught voles (49%), pregnant females (47%), their embryos (85%), dams (75%) and pups (95%).ConclusionsHigh prevalence of Bartonella spp. infection maintained in Microtus spp. community is followed by a high rate of vertical transmission of several rodent species of Bartonella in three species of naturally infected voles, M. arvalis, M. oeconomus and M. agrestis. Congenitally acquired Bartonella infection does not affect the survival of pups. Co-infection with B. microti does not affect the effectiveness of the vertical transmission of Bartonella in voles. Bartonella taylorii clade B was found to be the dominant species in wild-caught voles, including pregnant females and dams, and in their offspring, and was also found to be the most successful in vertical transmission.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3047-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bartonella infections in three species of Microtus: prevalence and genetic diversity, vertical transmission and the effect of concurrent Babesia microti infection on its success

et al. 2018

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“…Thereafter, in the first third of the 20th century, Monge and Strong in 1912 and 1913, respectively, and both Malpartida and Colaretta in 1937 also reported different cases of vertical transmission (3,48,227,230). More recently, several authors have also reported different cases (15,48,(231)(232)(233), with the most evident description being of a B. bacilliformis-positive culture obtained from the blood of a preterm child collected 90 min after birth (231) ( Table 4).…”

Section: Vertical Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrion's Disease: the Sound of Silence

2018

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Carrion's disease (CD) is a neglected biphasic vector-borne illness related to . It is found in the Andean valleys and is transmitted mainly by members of the genus but also by blood transfusions and from mother to child. The acute phase, Oroya fever, presents severe anemia and fever. The lethality is high in the absence of adequate treatment, despite the organism being susceptible to most antibiotics. Partial immunity is developed after infection by , resulting in high numbers of asymptomatic carriers. Following infection there is the chronic phase, Peruvian warts, involving abnormal proliferation of the endothelial cells. Despite potentially being eradicable, CD has been expanded due to human migration and geographical expansion of the vector. Moreover, studies have demonstrated the risk of the development of antimicrobial resistance. These findings, together with the description of new species producing CD-like infections, the presence of undescribed potential vectors in new areas, the lack of adequate diagnostic tools and knowledge of the immunology and bacterial pathogenesis of CD, and poor international visibility, have led to the risk of increasing the potential expansion of resistant strains which will challenge current treatment schemes as well as the possible appearance of CD in areas where it is not endemic.

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“…A 22-day-old presented with Oroya fever confirmed on blood by PCR, where the mother retrospectively had a febrile illness in the third trimester and was identified with vascular cutaneous lesion consistent with verruga peruana. 175 Other cases include a 19-day-old with Oroya fever, where the mother was also blood smear positive and a pre-term newborn of 90 min with a confirmed bartonellosis on blood culture in a mother with verrucous lesions. There is an overall paucity of reporting of Carrion’s disease, especially in pregnancy.…”

Section: Triatomine Bug- and Fly-borne Diseases In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector-borne diseases in pregnancy

O’Kelly

Lambert

2020

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

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Vector-borne infections cause a significant proportion of world-wide morbidity and mortality and many are increasing in incidence. This is due to a combination of factors, primarily environmental change, encroachment of human habitats from urban to peri-urban areas and rural to previously uninhabited areas, persistence of poverty, malnutrition and resource limitation in geographical areas where these diseases are endemic. Pregnant women represent the single largest ‘at risk’ group, due to immune-modulation and a unique physiological state. Many of these diseases have not benefitted from the same level of drug development as other infectious and medical domains, a factor attributing to the ‘neglected tropical disease’ title many vector-borne diseases hold. Pregnancy compounds this issue as data for safety and efficacy for many drugs is practically non-existent, precluding exposure in pregnancy to many first-line therapeutic agents for ‘fear of the unknown’ or overstated adverse pregnancy-foetal outcomes. In this review, major vector-borne diseases, their impact on pregnancy outcomes, current treatment, vaccination and short-comings of current medical practice for pregnant women will be discussed.

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Possible Vertical Transmission of Bartonella bacilliformis in Peru

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Bartonella infections in three species of Microtus: prevalence and genetic diversity, vertical transmission and the effect of concurrent Babesia microti infection on its success

Bartonella infections in three species of Microtus: prevalence and genetic diversity, vertical transmission and the effect of concurrent Babesia microti infection on its success

Carrion's Disease: the Sound of Silence

Vector-borne diseases in pregnancy

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