Possible relation of atypical parkinsonism in the French West Indies with consumption of tropical plants: a case-control study

Investigation of the toxic potential of crude ethanol extract of Annona coriacea (araticum) seeds in acute exposed mice

“…The activities of acetogenins are in agreement with reports from Caparros-Lefebvre (1999, 2002 and Lannuzel et al (2007), correlating the appearance, in a Caribbean population that used tea and fruits of plants from the Annonaceae family, of a atypical Parkinsonian syndrome caused by atrophy in regions of the cerebral cortex, midbrain, cerebellum and corpus callosum.…”

Annonamine, a New Aporphine Alkaloid from the Leaves of Annona muricata

“…2,3) In 1999, Caparros-Lefebvre et al suggested the high prevalence of atypical Parkinsonism in the Caribbean Island Guadeloupe was linked with consumption of Annonaceous fruits and herbal tea prepared from Annona muricata and A. squamosa. 4) In 2005, Höglinger et al described the neurotoxic effects of annonacin, the most abundant acetogenin in A. muricata, which inhibited the complex 1 of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. 5) On the other hand, we have previously identified 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1BnTIQ) alkaloids as one of the endogenous neurotoxins that could induce PD in an animal model.…”

“…6) In this study, we have phytochemically investigated the leaves of the title plant in detail to characterize the chemical constituents especially on alkaloids, because the leaves of A. muricata are used as tea for cardiotonics and it has been known that A. muricata produced benzylisoquinoline type alkaloids. 7,8) The present study describes the isolation and structural elucidation of a new aporphine alkaloid, annonamine (1) together with four known alkaloids (2)(3)(4)(5). The neurotoxicities of these compounds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) were also investigated against human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y.…”

“…CHCl 3 and EtOAcsoluble fractions were combined because of the similarity of TLC pattern. The residue of 1-BuOH-soluble fraction and the combined mixture of CHCl 3 and EtOAc-soluble fractions were subjected to various kinds of column chromatography (CC) to yield five alkaloids (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) (Fig. 1).…”

“…Therefore, we next evaluated the neurotoxicity against the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y which is a well-characterized catecholaminergic cell line often used as a neuronal model in PD research. Among the tested compounds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) In this study, we have successfully isolated a new aporphine alkaloid together with four known benzylisoquinoline alkaloids from the leaves of A. muricata. It is noteworthy that anonaine (3) has been reported to inhibit dopamine biosynthesis at 0.05 μM by mainly reducing tyrosine hydroxylase activity in rat stable pheochromocytoma cells, PC12.…”