Possible Ecological Mechanisms for Loss of Vernal‐Herb Diversity in Logged Eastern Deciduous Forests

Meier, Albert J.; Bratton, Susan Power; Duffy, David Cameron

doi:10.2307/2269344

Cited by 185 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…with limited distribution as the lantana cover increases can be more susceptible to loss from physical damage or altered habitat conditions (Meier et al, 1995). Species like Dichanthium annulatum Stapf, Evolvulus alsinoides L., Leucas aspera Spr, Malvastrum tricuspidatum Gray., Rungia pectinata Nees., Sida acuta Burm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lantana Camara L. Invasion and Impact on Herb Layer Diversity and Soil Properties in a Dry Deciduous Forest of India

Sharma¹

2011

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Abstract. Invasion of lantana (Lantana camara L.) in dry deciduous forest is capable of causing changes in micro sites (soil properties and species composition) in which they invade. As lantana is most conspicuous invader in the Vindhyan dry deciduous forests of India. We analyzed the effect of this invasive species on the composition of herbaceous layer and on soil properties. Habitats with different level of canopy cover were analyzed. And the canopy cover was significantly related to the lantana cover. Results indicate that different levels of lantana cover affect soil properties and herbaceous species composition. We found as the lantana cover increases some of the species get locally extinct and some are favored by lantana invasion. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ordination indicated that the quadrates with nil and differently covered lantana were unique with herb species composition, especially the sites with no lantana cover had native species which were not present in site with differently covered lantana. The distinctness of herb species composition is indicative of marked spatial dynamics with regard to nil and differently covered lantana. Concentration of organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly higher in habitats having large lantana cover. Thus we may conclude that lantana modifies the spatial pattern of herbaceous plant species and the nutrient levels of soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lantana Camara L. Invasion and Impact on Herb Layer Diversity and Soil Properties in a Dry Deciduous Forest of India

Sharma¹

2011

Appl Ecol Env Res

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“…Recovery of former native forest, through removal of introduced plantation species (as encouraged by a recent policy shift; The UK Steering Group 1995) may not therefore, at least in the short term, necessarily result in the expansion of desired native forest species (e.g. Meier et al 1995). Outcomes will depend on factors such as productivity of the forest soil and composition of the site species pool (Romagosa & Robison 2003).…”

Section: - mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between the species composition of forest field‐layer vegetation and environmental drivers, assessed using a national scale survey

et al. 2006

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Summary1 Simulation models of forest stand dynamics have increased understanding of over-storey vegetation functioning, and have facilitated the development of tools capable of assessing possible successional trajectories. However, few models incorporate the response of the field layer vegetation despite it being another key component of forest ecosystems. 2 Our main objective was to assess the degree to which field-layer vegetation composition in forests is determined by variables operating at different scales, from regional (e.g. climate, location) to local factors (e.g. basal area of canopy trees, management). 3 We used data gathered during a nationwide forest survey to assess the relative effects of a broad spectrum of environmental variables on species composition. Variation partitioning was used to examine the relative contribution of subsets of environmental variables such as site spatial variation, boundary type and presence of herbivores. 4 Ordination confirmed hypotheses that field layer vegetation is primarily structured by two composite geo-climatic gradients. However, variation partitioning demonstrated that site-and plot-scale management factors also strongly influence the floristic composition of forest patches. 5 Disturbance variables (site boundary type/regional presence of deer) accounted for considerable species variation, exceeding that due to either site spatial variation or forest structure. 6 This is the first time variation attributable to such a comprehensive range of environmental variables has been quantified for forests surveyed at a national scale. We thus provide a context within which regional studies, or analyses considering a more limited range of factors, can be viewed, and a framework from which robust models of floristic response to gradual and episodic natural and anthropogenic disturbances may be developed. 7 The methodology we present, including a novel technique for the identification and removal of outliers in large data sets, provides a unique and standardized means of assessing the relative importance of diverse environmental drivers across a range of habitat types at the landscape scale, and is readily applicable elsewhere.

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“…In a successional forest, for example, species composition changes over time, which results in the temporal variation in species diversity (Whittaker 1975, Schoonmaker andMcKee 1988). By clearcutting, the flora is suddenly converted from late successional to early successional species (Parker and Swank 1982, Huston 1994, Meier et al 1995. Early succession starts from survival within the cut stand (Schoonmaker and McKee 1988), resprouting from stumps (van der Werf 1991) and recolonization from nearby uncut stands (Matlack 1994, Meier et al 1995, Beese and Bryant 1999.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By clearcutting, the flora is suddenly converted from late successional to early successional species (Parker and Swank 1982, Huston 1994, Meier et al 1995. Early succession starts from survival within the cut stand (Schoonmaker and McKee 1988), resprouting from stumps (van der Werf 1991) and recolonization from nearby uncut stands (Matlack 1994, Meier et al 1995, Beese and Bryant 1999. During early succession, physiological characters such as rapid growth rate, copious seed production and dispersal ability may influence species composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of species diversity in a Japanese warm-temperate secondary forest

et al. 2011

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Dynamics of species diversity in a Japanese warm-temperate secondary forest. Ecosphere 2(7):art80. doi:10.1890/ ES11-00105.1Abstract. To examine the dynamics of species diversity during secondary succession, growth, death and recruitment of trees were monitored for 39 years (1966 to 2005) in two plots (P-1 and P-3, 40 m 3 40 m each) in a Japanese warm-temperate secondary forest recovering from clearcutting that occurred in the 1910s. Typhoons in the early 1990s seriously damaged P-1 and moderately damaged P-3. We examined how species diversity of trees changed through succession for three size classes: large (diameter at breast height, dbh ! 4.5 cm), medium (4.5 cm . dbh ! 1.0 cm), and small (dbh , 1.0 cm). Before the typhoons occurred, species diversity and evenness generally increased over time in all size classes in both plots, except for medium trees in P-1. After the typhoons, species diversity increased over time without exception, and this usually involved increases in both species evenness and number. We found that recruitment always contributed to increases in species diversity but mortality did not. Recruitment increased species diversity because the recruitment rate of rare species was higher than that of abundant species. This reflected delayed recruitment of late successional species before the typhoons and the mass recruitment of early successional species after the typhoons. Abundance of the most dominant tree species of the large class in P-1 was greatly reduced due to mortality caused by the typhoon, resulting in an increase in species diversity in the large tree community. Gap formation by the typhoons also caused mass recruitment into the small and medium size classes, including many rare species, leading to increased species diversity in the small and medium tree communities. Through these processes, the typhoons enhanced species diversity in this Japanese warm-temperate forest. Synthesis: This is the first study on the dynamics of species diversity based on long-term monitoring of a single site in a Japanese warm-temperate forest. This direct monitoring revealed the species dynamics plus the significant impact of rare events, typhoons, on the species diversity.

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Possible Ecological Mechanisms for Loss of Vernal‐Herb Diversity in Logged Eastern Deciduous Forests

Cited by 185 publications

References 42 publications

Lantana Camara L. Invasion and Impact on Herb Layer Diversity and Soil Properties in a Dry Deciduous Forest of India

Lantana Camara L. Invasion and Impact on Herb Layer Diversity and Soil Properties in a Dry Deciduous Forest of India

Relationships between the species composition of forest field‐layer vegetation and environmental drivers, assessed using a national scale survey

Dynamics of species diversity in a Japanese warm-temperate secondary forest

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