Dynamics of species diversity in a Japanese warm-temperate secondary forest

Yamada, Toshihiro; Aiba, Shin‐ichiro; Kubota, Yasuhiro; Okubo, Kumiko; Miyata, Itsuo; Suzuki, Eizi; Maenaka, Hisayuki; Nagano, Masahiro

doi:10.1890/es11-00105.1

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Though the total number of species in the Dinghushan 20-ha plot decreased from 195 to 178 over a 5-year period, the ecosystem showed variance in species abundance instead of species replacement. This result is consistent with previous studies 33 34 . This suggests demographic shifts in some species populations, which, due to low number of recruits, have trouble surviving in the community 35 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Forest dynamics and its driving forces of sub-tropical forest in South China

Lian

Lin

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Tree mortality and recruitment are key factors influencing forest dynamics, but the driving mechanisms of these processes remain unclear. To better understand these driving mechanisms, we studied forest dynamics over a 5-year period in a 20-ha sub-tropical forest in the Dinghushan Nature Reserve, South China. The goal was to identify determinants of tree mortality/recruitment at the local scale using neighborhood analyses on some locally dominant tree species. Results show that the study plot was more dynamic than some temperate and tropical forests in a comparison to large, long-term forest dynamics plots. Over the 5-year period, mortality rates ranged from 1.67 to 12.33% per year while recruitment rates ranged from 0 to 20.26% per year. Tree size had the most consistent effect on mortality across species. Recruitment into the ≥1-cm size class consistently occurred where local con-specific density was high. This suggests that recruitment may be limited by seed dispersal. Hetero-specific individuals also influenced recruitment significantly for some species. Canopy species had low recruitment into the ≥1-cm size class over the 5-year period. In conclusion, tree mortality and recruitment for sixteen species in this plot was likely limited by seed dispersal and density-dependence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Forest dynamics and its driving forces of sub-tropical forest in South China

Lian

Lin

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…We denoted the tree community vector (number of trees per species) at the i th census by T i and those of recruited and dead trees between the i th and ( i −1) censuses by R i and D i , respectively. T i is related to R i , D i , and T i −1 (the tree community vector at the previous census) as follows 34 : To examine the effect of mortality and recruitment on species diversity between the i th and ( i −1)th censuses, we used two indices from Yamada et al . 34 : For both indices, the values of ED i and ER i represent the effects of mortality and recruitment on species diversity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Tree Species Diversity in Unlogged and Selectively Logged Malaysian Forests

Shima

Yamada

Okuda

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Selective logging that is commonly conducted in tropical forests may change tree species diversity. In rarely disturbed tropical forests, locally rare species exhibit higher survival rates. If this non–random process occurs in a logged forest, the forest will rapidly recover its tree species diversity. Here we determined whether a forest in the Pasoh Forest Reserve, Malaysia, which was selectively logged 40 years ago, recovered its original species diversity (species richness and composition). To explore this, we compared the dynamics of secies diversity between unlogged forest plot (18.6 ha) and logged forest plot (5.4 ha). We found that 40 years are not sufficient to recover species diversity after logging. Unlike unlogged forests, tree deaths and recruitments did not contribute to increased diversity in the selectively logged forests. Our results predict that selectively logged forests require a longer time at least than our observing period (40 years) to regain their diversity.

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“…(); 33, Tanouchi & Yamamoto (); 34, Tezuka & Kusumoto (); 35, Yamada et al . (); 36, Yamamoto (); 37, Earle & Jones (); 38, Jones & Earle (); 39, Hiroki & Matsubara (); 40, Kohyama & Grubb (); 41, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (); 42, P.J. Grubb & T.S.…”

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only long-term study of changes in composition of WTRF after severe disturbance is that of Yamada et al (2012). This emphasizes the rise of the Fagaceae after clearfelling, their subsequent decline, and their failure to increase markedly as a result of typhoon damage.…”

Section: Disturbance Regimes and Species Dependent On Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance regimes, gap‐demanding trees and seed mass related to tree height in warm temperate rain forests worldwide

et al. 2013

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For tropical lowland rain forests, Denslow (1987) hypothesized that in areas with large-scale disturbances tree species with a high demand for light make up a larger proportion of the flora; results of tests have been inconsistent. There has been no test for warm temperate rain forests (WTRFs), but they offer a promising testing ground because they differ widely in the extent of disturbance. WTRF is dominated by microphylls sensu Raunkiaer and has a simpler structure and range of physiognomy than tropical or subtropical rain forests. It occurs in six parts of the world: eastern Asia, New Zealand, Chile, South Africa, SE Australia and the Azores. On the Azores it has been mostly destroyed, so we studied instead the subtropical montane rain forest (STMRF) on the Canary Islands which also represents a relict of the kind of WTRF that once stretched across southern Eurasia. We sought to find whether in these six regions the proportion of tree species needing canopy gaps for establishment reflects the frequency and/or extent of canopy disturbance by wind, landslide, volcanic eruptions (lava flow and ash fall), flood or fire. We used standard floras and ecological accounts to draw up lists of core tree species commonly reaching 5 m height. We excluded species which are very rare, very localized in distribution, or confined to special habitats, e.g. coastal forests or rocky sites. We used published accounts and our own experience to classify species into three groups: (1) needing canopy gaps for establishment; (2) needing either light shade throughout or a canopy gap relatively soon (a few months or years) after establishment; and (3) variously more shade-tolerant. Group 1 species were divided according the kind of canopy opening needed: tree-fall gap, landslide, lava flow, flood or fire. Only some of the significant differences in proportion of Group 1 species were consistent with differences in the extent of disturbance; even in some of those cases other factors seem likely to have had a major determining influence during evolution. We also sought to determine whether the species that are at least 'short-term persistent' in the soil seed bank (lasting 2-4 years) are all species needing canopy gaps for establishment. The answer was negative; large numbers of seeds of some shade-tolerants accumulate in the soil, and these species are able to benefit from soil disturbance in deep shade. We found a significant and strong positive relationship in Japan between mean seed mass and mature tree height, a weak positive relationship in New Zealand and no relationship in any of the other four regions. When comparing the seed mass values of Group 1 and Group 3 species we obtained different answers depending on whether or not we confined ourselves to taxonomically controlled contrasts. In only two of the four regions with an appreciable number of species in Group 1 is the mean seed mass of such species significantly lower than that of Group 3 species when taxonomic relatedness is ignored.

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Dynamics of species diversity in a Japanese warm-temperate secondary forest

Cited by 15 publications

References 82 publications

Forest dynamics and its driving forces of sub-tropical forest in South China

Forest dynamics and its driving forces of sub-tropical forest in South China

Dynamics of Tree Species Diversity in Unlogged and Selectively Logged Malaysian Forests

Disturbance regimes, gap‐demanding trees and seed mass related to tree height in warm temperate rain forests worldwide

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