Possible cases of relaxed selection in civilized populations

Post, Richard H.

doi:10.1007/bf00273943

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Intriguingly, self-domestication and attendant relaxation of selection may also have shaped the recent evolution of our own species' cognition, language capability, development, physiology, and life history (Deacon, 2010;Kuhlwilm & Boeckx, 2018;Theofanopoulou et al, 2017). For example, heritable deleterious traits affecting visual and craniofacial development are more prevalent in civilized populations-suggesting these comparatively enriched environments may buffer purifying selection (Post, 1971). These similarities between humans and other domesticated organisms make our beasts of burden valuable tools for the investigation of recent human evolution, including self-domestication's potential effects on maladaptive human traits such as genetic disease (Boyko, 2011;Johnsson, Williams, Jensen, & Wright, 2016;Persson, Wright, Roth, Batakis, & Jensen, 2016).…”

Section: Rel a X Ati On Of Natur Al S Elec Ti On Under Artificial S E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maladaptation in feral and domesticated animals

Gering

Incorvaia

Henriksen

et al. 2019

Evolutionary Applications

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Selection regimes and population structures can be powerfully changed by domestication and feralization, and these changes can modulate animal fitness in both captive and natural environments. In this review, we synthesize recent studies of these two processes and consider their impacts on organismal and population fitness. Domestication and feralization offer multiple windows into the forms and mechanisms of maladaptation. Firstly, domestic and feral organisms that exhibit suboptimal traits or fitness allow us to identify their underlying causes within tractable research systems. This has facilitated significant progress in our general understandings of genotype–phenotype relationships, fitness trade‐offs, and the roles of population structure and artificial selection in shaping domestic and formerly domestic organisms. Additionally, feralization of artificially selected gene variants and organisms can reveal or produce maladaptation in other inhabitants of an invaded biotic community. In these instances, feral animals often show similar fitness advantages to other invasive species, but they are also unique in their capacities to modify natural ecosystems through introductions of artificially selected traits. We conclude with a brief consideration of how emerging technologies such as genome editing could change the tempos, trajectories, and ecological consequences of both domestication and feralization. In addition to providing basic evolutionary insights, our growing understanding of mechanisms through which artificial selection can modulate fitness has diverse and important applications—from enhancing the welfare, sustainability, and efficiency of agroindustry, to mitigating biotic invasions.

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Section: Rel a X Ati On Of Natur Al S Elec Ti On Under Artificial S E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maladaptation in feral and domesticated animals

Gering

Incorvaia

Henriksen

et al. 2019

Evolutionary Applications

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show abstract

“…C'est ainsi que le pourcentage tombe tres fortement dans les races noires d'Afrique et chez les Indiens d'Amerique (Tableau I). D'apres Post (1962Post ( , 1971, ainsi que d'apres Neel et Post (1963), la frequence serait plus elevee chez les Europeens, parce que la selection naturelle ne jouerait plus en faveur des hommes, dont la vision des couleurs est normale.…”

Section: Les Dyschromatopsies Du Type Protan Et Deutanunclassified

“…Ce fait explique les divergences observees en ce qui concerne la frequence des dyschromatopsies dans le monde (Post 1971) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: ^H Protanopiaunclassified

Present Concepts on the Genetics of Congenital Deficiencies of Color Vision

François¹,

S²,

Verriest³

et al. 1972

Acta genet. med. gemellol.

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SummaryThe different varieties of congenital dyschromatopsias are inherited following different modes. The dyschromatopsias of the protan and deutan type, as well as the atypical achromatopsia (blue mono-cone monochromacy), are sex-linked recessive, the tritanopia probably autosomal dominant and the typical achromatopsia surely autosomal recessive. The mode of transmission of the tritanomalia is still dubious.Concerning the localisation of the genes on the X chromosome, the bilocular theory for the deutan and protan genes is accepted at the present time. These genes form a cluster with the genes of hemophilia A and G6PD deficiency. It is possible that this cluster is situated on the short arm of the X chromosome or on the long arm near the centromeric region. The exact situation will be known very soon, when the interpretation of the results of the cellular hybridisation, which are still discordant, will be well established.

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Der Fortschritt als Gefahr und Chance für die genetische Beschaffenheit des Menschen

Vogel

1973

Verhandlungen Der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte

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Possible cases of relaxed selection in civilized populations

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

Maladaptation in feral and domesticated animals

Maladaptation in feral and domesticated animals

Present Concepts on the Genetics of Congenital Deficiencies of Color Vision

Der Fortschritt als Gefahr und Chance für die genetische Beschaffenheit des Menschen

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