In patients with chronic hepatitis C infection, both the Hp 1-1 and the Cys282Tyr allele occur more frequently than in a control population. Remarkably, these genes seem to determine each other's occurrence, such that the overrepresentation of the Hp 1-1 phenotype is seen only in Cys282Tyr-negative subjects, while the overrepresentation of the Cys282Tyr allele is observed in Hp 1-1-negative subjects. Differences in immunomodulating and in oxidative stress-inducing capacities between the two genes may explain this finding.
105 patients with retinal detachment were HLA typed and divided into hyperopic, emmetropic and myopic groups. None of these different groups showed a statistically significant correlation with any of the HLA antigens. For the patient group as a whole, there was a slightly significant correlation with HLA-B8 at the corrected p level of 0.05.
SummaryThe different varieties of congenital dyschromatopsias are inherited following different modes. The dyschromatopsias of the protan and deutan type, as well as the atypical achromatopsia (blue mono-cone monochromacy), are sex-linked recessive, the tritanopia probably autosomal dominant and the typical achromatopsia surely autosomal recessive. The mode of transmission of the tritanomalia is still dubious.Concerning the localisation of the genes on the X chromosome, the bilocular theory for the deutan and protan genes is accepted at the present time. These genes form a cluster with the genes of hemophilia A and G6PD deficiency. It is possible that this cluster is situated on the short arm of the X chromosome or on the long arm near the centromeric region. The exact situation will be known very soon, when the interpretation of the results of the cellular hybridisation, which are still discordant, will be well established.
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