Possible ameliorative effects of antioxidants on propionic acid / clindamycin - induced neurotoxicity in Syrian hamsters

Abstract

BackgroundPropionic acid (PA) found in some foods and formed as a metabolic product of gut bacteria has been reported to mimic/mediate the effects of autism. The present study was undertaken to compare the effect of orally administered PA with that of clindamycin-induced PA-microbial producers in inducing persistent biochemical autistic features in hamsters. The neuroprotective potency of carnosine and carnitine supplements against PA toxicity was also investigated.MethodsThe following groups were studied. 1. Control group, which received phosphate buffered saline orally, 2. Propionic acid treated group which were given PA at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight/day for 3 days orally, 3. Clindamycin treated group which received a single dose of the antibiotic orogastrically at a dose of 30 mg/kg on the day of the experiment, 4. Carnosine-treated group which were given carnosine at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight/day orally for one week, 5. Carnitine treated group given 50 mg/kg body weight/day carnitine orally daily for one week. Group 6. Carnosine followed by PA, Group 7. Carnitine followed by PA. Dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline, serotonin and Gamma amino-butyric acid (GABA) were measured in the cortex and medulla of the nine studied groups.ResultsPA administration caused significant decrease in the neurotransmitters in the brains of treated hamsters while clindamycin caused a significant decrease only in dopamine in hamster brains (cortex and medulla) and GABA in the cerebral cortex of the treated hamsters. Administration of carnosine and carnitine which are known antioxidants caused no significant changes in the levels of neurotransmitters when administered alone to hamsters. However when administered with PA both carnosine and carnitine restored the altered neurotransmitters to near normal levels.ConclusionCarnosine and carnitine may be used as supplements to protect against PA neurotoxicity.

Potency of pre–post treatment of coenzyme Q10 and melatonin supplement in ameliorating the impaired fatty acid profile in rodent model of autism

“…GABA does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier; it is synthesized in the brain only. In a recent study by El-Ansary et al ( 36 ), a significant decrease in GABA was observed in rats treated with PA, which may relate to the increase in butyric acid level in the brain homogenates of the PA-treated rats in this work.…”

Efficacy of Novavit in ameliorating the neurotoxicity of propionic acid

“…The finding of the current study is of great support to our previous work in which vitamin D, CoQ10, vitamin B12, carnitine, and bioflavonoids (as major components of bee pollen) demonstrate significant potency in ameliorating PPA-induced persistent autistic features in the rodent model [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ].…”

The anti‐inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of probiotic on induced neurotoxicity in juvenile hamsters

“…and indirectly elevates PPA levels. Similarly to other antibiotics, clindamycin affects both pathogen and commensal host microbiota, thus inducing intestinal dysbiosis and stimulating the gut microbiota associated with immunologic, metabolic, and developmental disorders, besides increasing the susceptibility to infectious diseases (Cuthbertson et al., 2016 ; El‐Ansary et al., , 2013 , 2018 ; Holmes et al., 2008 ). Buffie et al.…”