Possibilities of Architectural and Structural Forming of Spatial Forms from Rod Arches

Abstract

The process of forming new technological methods of construction of buildings and structures, a high degree of industrialization of construction and unification of elements, lead to the study of various principles of forming the spatial structure of the object from flat scans. The authors consider a new transformable architectural and structural system consisting of rod spatial arches, the main elements of the developed system are rods and hinges that connect them at the ends. The latter are made as an analog of bionic mobile communication. Analysis of the transformation of a rod spatial element into an arch of various shapes is performed by the following methods: traverses, jacks, pneumatic structures and automatic methods. As a result, you can use rod arches to create buildings and structures of various shapes. In the end, the versatility of such spaces allows buildings and structures based on rod spatial arches to be multifunctional. Specifically for the arches of the NPI series, the authors developed a hinge Assembly designed to connect the rods of a fast-erecting light spatial structure of a regular structure. Research has shown that on the basis of the resulting arched strezhnevoy system, it is possible to form spaces close to the cylindrical and spherical shape. The variability of forms based on a single set of structures, low-labor-intensive installation process using the principles of self-construction, create prerequisites for new research in the field of improving this type of transformable architectural and structural systems. These issues provide a wide range of tools for solving architectural, structural and technological factors of shaping, which contributes to the development of creative activity.

A method for strengthening arched buildings with insufficient bearing capacity of supports for the perception of the strut

“…Спектр их применения необычайно широк и включает в себя объемно-планировочные решения как небольших зданий сельскохозяйственных предприятий и малого бизнеса, так и каркасов большепролетных зданиях спортивного или общественного назначения [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Отличительными особенностями арочных зданий являются возможность быстрого возведения, небольшая масса конструкций, низкая стоимость строительства и необходимость учета при проектировании опор арочных зданий воздействия распорных опорных реакций [7][8][9][10][11]. Проблему восприятия распорных усилий и уменьшения расхода материалов на устройство опор в арочных зданиях решают установкой затяжек между опорами арок [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

A method of strengthening arched buildings with insufficient bearing capacity of foundations for the thrust perception

“…It includes small buildings of agricultural enterprises, small business and large-span buildings for sports or public purposes [1][2][3][4][5]. Distinctive features of arched buildings are the ability of quick erection, a small mass of structures, low construction costs and the need to take into account the impact of thrust support reactions when designing the foundations of arched buildings [6][7][8][9][10]. The problem of perceiving thrust structures and reducing the material consumption for the foundation construction in arched buildings constructors solve by installing tie-beams between the arches' supports [11][12][13][14][15].…”