POSS Grafting on Polyethylene and Maleic Anhydride‐Grafted Polyethylene by One‐Step Reactive Melt Mixing

Abstract

ABSTRACT:This study reports the one-step reactive melt mixing preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid based on maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene and 3-(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyl-heptaisobutyl substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, (NPOSS), as well as on low-density polyethylene and allyl-heptaisobutyl-POSS (1POSS) in dicumyl peroxide presence, which is believed to activate the unsaturation of the reactive functional group of POSS itself. The successful grafting of POSS molecules onto polymeric backbones was probed through rheological and spectroscopic analysis. Grafting of POSS molecules enhances their dispersion in the polymeric matrix as shown by morphological analysis. Moreover, the rheological analysis of the organic-inorganic hybrids reveals a solid-like behavior, due to the formation of a network related to the interactions between grafted POSS molecules. The homogeneous dispersion of POSS molecules along with the strong interaction between polymeric segments and the nanoparticles influences the calorimetric and mechanical properties of the obtained hybrids. C

Silsesquioxane Derivatives as Functional Additives for Preparation of Polyethylene-Based Composites: A Case of Trisilanol Melt-Condensation

“…As organosilicon hybrid compounds, SSQs tend to improve thermal stability of polymer matrices they are introduced into, but also modify materials rheology (e.g., as plasticizers or thixotropic agents) or improve mechanical properties, such as tensile or flexural modulus, tensile strength, heat deflection temperature. Different structures have been tested, including homo-(R n [SiO 1.5 ] n ) and heterosubstituted (R n-m R’ m [SiO 1.5 ] n ) systems, bearing either alkyl [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ], alkenyl [ 41 , 48 ], aryl [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], or other functional groups [ 26 , 41 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ], introduced mostly by condensation, hydrosilylation, or substitution reactions. It has been proven that a choice of introduced functional groups plays a major role in miscibility of silsesquioxanes and polymer matrix and the additive tendency towards agglomeration, but also the processing method and parameters have an impact on the obtained additive dispersion in the final composite or nanocomposite [ 40 ].…”

“…Very good dispersion of the additives has been obtained when high-shearing-forces processes have been applied, such as twin-screw extrusion [ 22 , 23 , 44 ] or injection moulding [ 32 ]. Among other methods, ball milling [ 30 , 31 , 33 , 37 ], solution blending [ 34 , 35 ], or reactive melt blending [ 51 , 52 ] have been reported with moderate to good results. The dispersion level plays a huge factor on the properties of the obtained materials, and effective dispersing of the organosilicon additive is crucial to observe effects such as (nano)reinforcing action or thermal stabilization of the composition [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Recent Advances in Polyurethane/POSS Hybrids for Biomedical Applications

“…For example, the functionalization with POSS was done on carbon fibers previously modified by amino groups to obtain better interactions between the fibers resulting in greater tensile strength [ 72 ]. In addition, the grafting approach may lead to better homogeneity of the POSS dispersion [ 73 ], reduction of the polymer crystallinity [ 74 ], and formation of a protective layer against, e.g., hydrolysis [ 75 ].…”

Maleic anhydride grafted onto high density polyethylene with an enhanced grafting degree via monomer microencapsulation

“…Reactive blending of GMA to PET-PP was known to yield grafting degree in between 1.58 to 3.68% [16] (Jazani et al, 2017). The other methods to attach MAH are ultrasonic initiation [17], extrusion process [18], one-step reactive melt mixing [19], ring-opening polymerisation [20], and solution-mixing and precipitation approach [21].…”