Positive metabolic effects of selected probiotic bacteria on diet‐induced obesity in mice are associated with improvement of dysbiotic gut microbiota

Abstract

Given the rising evidence that gut malfunction including changes in the gut microbiota composition, plays a major role in the development of obesity and associated metabolic diseases, the exploring of novel probiotic bacteria with potential health benefits has attracted great attention. Recently Lactobacillus spp., exert potent anti‐obesity effects by regulating key transcriptional and translational factors in adipose tissues. However, the molecular mechanism behind the anti‐obesity effect of probiotics is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum A29 on the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. We observed that the treatment of 3T3‐L1 adipocytes with the cell‐free metabolites of L plantarum inhibited their differentiation and fat depositions via downregulating the key adipogenic transcriptional factors (PPAR‐γ, C/EBP‐α, and C/EBP‐β) and their downstream targets (FAS, aP2, ACC, and SREBP‐1). Interestingly, supplementation with L plantarum reduced the fat mass and serum lipid profile concurrently with downregulation of lipogenic gene expression in the adipocytes, resulting in reductions in the bodyweight of HFD‐fed obese mice. L plantarum treatment attenuated the development of obesity in HFD‐fed mice via the activation of p38MAPK, p44/42, and AMPK‐α by increasing their phosphorylation. Further analysis revealed that A29 modulated gut‐associated microbiota composition. Thus, A 29 potential probiotic strain may alleviate the obesity development and its associated metabolic disorders via inhibiting PPARγ through activating the p38MAPK and p44/42 signaling pathways.

Synbiotic (Lactiplantibacillus pentosus GSSK2 and isomalto-oligosaccharides) supplementation modulates pathophysiology and gut dysbiosis in experimental metabolic syndrome

“…Obesity is often accompanied by resistance to leptin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes, leading to increased hunger and reduced energy expenditure occurring due to hyperleptinemia 44 . Notably, synbiotic supplementation to HFD animals led to decreased leptin mRNA expression and is in agreement with previous study where L. plantarum A29 supplementation reduced fat mass and downregulated the expression of leptin in adipocytes, resulting in reduced bodyweight of HFD mice 45 . It was also noted that synbiotic + HFD animals had decreased expression of proinflammatory markers, TNF-α and IL-6, upregulated expression of anti-inflammatory adipokine i.e.…”

Probiotics for the Treatment of Docetaxel-Related Weight Gain of Breast Cancer Patients—A Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial

“…Cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one, one type of oxidized cholesterol ester, and biliverdin dihydrochloride which can reflect the metabolism of cholesterol and bile acid in the body, are associated with a range of diseases ( 30 , 31 ). In addition, previous study showed that through activating the p38MAPK and p44/42 signaling pathways, probiotic supplement inhibited PPARγ, and alleviated the obesity development and its associated metabolic disorders ( 32 ). Bifidobacterium longum supplement could increase the level of active ghrelin, leading to an amelioration of deficiencies in ghrelinergic signaling, which is involved in glucose homeostasis and obesity ( 33 ).…”

Antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of the dairy bacterium Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 in high-fat diet-induced obese mice by modulating lipid metabolism

“…The antioxidant makers decreased in HFD-fed mice and L. plantarum attenuated oxidative stress by increase of antioxidant markers (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione) in the serum of HFD-fed mice 29 , which suggests that antioxidant activity of L. plantarum may contribute to improve HFD-induced obesity.…”