Positive Influence of Age and Education on Food Consumption and Nutrient Intakes of Older Women Living Alone

Holcomb, Carol Ann

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(95)00365-7

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This ®nding is in agreement with previous studies (Marmot et al, 1991;Holcomb, 1995;Hupkens et al, 1997;Osler & Schroll, 1995;Pra Ètta Èla È, 1995;Rogers et al 1995;Roos et al, 1999;Johansson et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A systematic review of socio-economic differences in food habits in Europe: consumption of fruit and vegetables

Irala

Groth

Johansson³

et al. 2000

Eur J Clin Nutr

539

318

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Objective: To evaluate the differences in the consumption of fruit and vegetables between groups with different socio-economic status (SES) in the adult population of European countries. Design: A systematic review of published and unpublished surveys of food habits conducted between 1985 and 1999 in 15 European countries. Educational level and occupational status were used as indicators of SES. A pooled estimate of the mean difference between the highest and the lowest level of education and occupation was calculated separately for men and women, using DerSimonian and Laird's random effects model. Setting: The inclusion criteria of studies were: use of a validated method for assessing intake at the individual level; selection of a nationwide sample or a representative sample of a region; and providing the mean and standard deviation of overall fruit and vegetable consumption for each level of education or occupation, and separately for men and women. Subjects: Participants in the individual surveys had to be adults (18 ± 85 y). Results: Eleven studies from seven countries met the criteria for being included in the meta-analysis. A higher SES was associated with a greater consumption of both fruit and vegetables. The pooled estimate of the difference in the intake of fruit was 24.3 gapersonaday (95% con®dence interval (CI) 14.0 ± 34.7) between men in the highest level of education and those in the lowest level of education. Similarly, this difference was 33.6 gapersonaday for women (95% CI 22.5 ± 44.8). The differences regarding vegetables were 17.0 gapersonaday (95% CI 8.6 ± 25.5) for men and 13.4 gapersonaday (95% CI 7.1 ± 19.7) for women. The results were in the same direction when occupation instead of education was used as an indicator of SES. Conclusions: Although we cannot exclude over-reporting of intake by those with highest SES, it is unlikely that this potential bias could fully explain the differences we have found. Our results suggest that an unhealthier nutrition pattern may exist among adults belonging to lower socio-economic levels in Europe. Sponsorship: The present study was supported by the European Union's FAIR programme .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A systematic review of socio-economic differences in food habits in Europe: consumption of fruit and vegetables

Irala

Groth

Johansson³

et al. 2000

Eur J Clin Nutr

539

318

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Perhaps they found that their eating was not in accordance with recommendations and were unwilling to report, as Isaksson (1998) argued. Consequently, health-conscious, active persons interested in their diet may be over-represented in this study sample, as Harries et al (1998), Holcomb (1995, van't Hof and Burema (1996) and Berglund (1998) have discussed. This problem is common to all studies based on voluntary participation, and no method to increase participation, such as those described by Harries et al (1989), was used, as they are viewed as unethical in Sweden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Low participation rates in dietary studies among old persons increase the risk of positive bias. Health-conscious and active persons as well as people who are motivated and more interested in their diet in general will be over-represented in the study sample, and those with poorer health status will be less likely to participate (Holcomb, 1995;van't Hof & Burema, 1996;Berglund, 1998). Persons aged 75 y are considered to have a potentially high risk for nutritional problems and, in studies such as these, they may be missed (Harries et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons among older Swedish women of not participating in a food survey

et al. 2002

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Objectives: To (a) examine participation rate as a function of municipality, age group and living status; and (b) investigate the main reasons for exclusion and declining as stated by the women themselves. Design: Analysis of participation rate and content analysis of statements given in phone calls explaining exclusion or declination from a project in which 24 h recalls and food-diaries were used. Subjects: Self-managing Swedish women (n ¼ 505) were systematically selected from a stratified random sample covering single living and cohabiting women aged 64 -68, 74 -78 and 84 -88 y living in three municipalities. Results: No significant differences were found among included and declining women when municipalities and living status was analysed, but significantly more women in the oldest group were excluded (P > 0.01). Among those in their 80s living at home, the usual reasons for exclusion were illness, disability or dementia, and many lived in institutions for old people. The four most used explanations to decline participation were 'lack of time', 'tired, fragile, sick or having bad memory', 'not willing to participate in scientific studies' and 'too old and nothing to contribute'. Conclusions: The participation rate was, compared with other food surveys in the older generation, fairly good, especially among those in their 80s. However, the most active and the very ill and disabled did not participate.

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“…There is a dearth of information concerning dietary intake and social support. Most smdies have concerned themselves with living arrangements (Zipp & Holcomb, 1992;, and have assessed overall adequacy of the diet Holcomb, 1995, not at-risk status. This smdy is unique in that it used a social model to assess dietary intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it appears that living alone does not necessarily mean older women are at increased risk for malnutrition. Holcomb (1995) reported that older women had more nutrient dense diets with similar consumption patterns and levels as younger women. reported no difference in dietary intake between those living alone and those living with others.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between the DETERMINE checklist, social factors, and nutritional risk in rural, community-dwelling, elderly women

Brunt

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Using a stratified random sample of 249 older rural commimity-dwelling women, this study evaluated the predictability of the DETERMINE checklist to identify those with at-risk anthropometric measures. A modified DETERMINE checklist found 7% and 42% of the sample to be at high and moderate nutrition risk, respectively. For those 85 and older, having an illness, a ten pound weight change, or a nutritional risk score > 6 identified those who more were likely to have at-risk anthropometric measures. Young-old (65-74 years) individuals were likely to be identified at-risk by large anthropometric measures, whereas those who were oldest-old (> 85 years) were more likely to be identified at-risk by small anthropometric measures.

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Positive Influence of Age and Education on Food Consumption and Nutrient Intakes of Older Women Living Alone

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

A systematic review of socio-economic differences in food habits in Europe: consumption of fruit and vegetables

A systematic review of socio-economic differences in food habits in Europe: consumption of fruit and vegetables

Reasons among older Swedish women of not participating in a food survey

The relationship between the DETERMINE checklist, social factors, and nutritional risk in rural, community-dwelling, elderly women

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