Position and dimensions of the mental foramen and presence of the anterior loop in the Egyptian population: a retrospective CBCT study

Shalash, M. R.; Khallaf, Maram E.; Ali, Ashaq

doi:10.1186/s42269-020-00364-2

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, there were studies on the topography of the MnF in the vertical plane in which only the distance between the MnF and the IB or the distance to the SB were highlighted: such observations did not enable an assessment of the MnF position relative to the mandibular body height [23][24][25].…”

Section:  Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric study for the localization of the mental foramen in relation to the vertical reference plane

Nimigean

Gherghiţă²,

Păun³

et al. 2022

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Background: The mental foramen (MnF) is the anatomic landmark where the mental neurovascular bundle exits the mandible. Precisely determining the position of the MnF is necessary before all dentoalveolar therapeutic procedures performed in the mandibular premolar area. Materials and Methods: For the study, we performed two ex vivo direct morphometric determinations on dry human dentate and edentate mandibles, and two in vivo imaging morphometric determinations through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and orthopantomography (OPG) in dentate human patients. The following landmarks were used to locate the MnF: the distance between the MnF and the superior border of the mandible (MnF-SB), the distance between the MnF and the inferior border of the mandible (MnF-IB), and the position of the MnF in relation to the root apices of the posterior teeth. The results obtained from these data were processed statistically using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: By direct morphometry on dentate mandibles, the MnF was situated closer to the IB and by direct morphometry on completely edentulous mandibles, the MnF was located closer to the SB. In both direct morphometry studies, the MnF transverse diameter was larger than the vertical one, with the MnF having an oval shape. ANOVA for both direct morphometry studies showed that the distances MnF-IB and MnF-SB significantly vary statistically with interactions and depending on age (p<0.00001). The vertical diameter of the MnF significantly varies statistically depending on age, interactions and between studies, and its transverse diameter varies statistically significantly with interactions and depending on age (p<0.00001). According to OPG and CBCT imaging studies, the MnF was located closer to the IB, and the transverse diameter of the MnF was larger than the vertical diameter; such results are similar to the direct morphometry study performed on dry dentate human mandibles. Regarding the position of the MnF in relation to the root apices, it was most frequently located inferior to the root apices in 79.45% of cases, in 19.23% of cases it was located at the root apices level and in 1.31% of cases it was located superior (coronal) to the root apices. ANOVA for both imaging morphometry studies showed that the MnF-IB distance varies statistically significantly with the interactions, the study, the sex of the patients and their age, the MnF-SB distance varies statistically significantly with the interactions, the study and the patients' age (p<0.05), and the MnF diameters vary statistically significantly with interactions and patient age (p<0.05). Conclusions:The results of this study can help dental practitioners in improving dentoalveolar surgery procedures in the posterior mandible.

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Section:  Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric study for the localization of the mental foramen in relation to the vertical reference plane

Nimigean

Gherghiţă²,

Păun³

et al. 2022

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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“…Thirteen studies used a small FOV, 12 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 15 studies used a medium FOV, 14 23 26 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 and 16 studies used a large FOV. 1 11 21 22 44 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 Moreover, 30 studies used a voxel size of less than 0.3 mm, 11 12 13 14 22 24 25 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 39 40 41 42 44 45 47 49 50 51 55 57 58 59 60 61 whereas 26 studies used voxels that were 0.3 mm or larger. 1 10 14 21 23 26 27 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and extension of the anterior loop of the mental nerve in different populations and CBCT imaging settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Purpose This study aimed to identify the prevalence and extension of the anterior loop (AL) of the mental nerve in different populations and according to different cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging settings. Materials and Methods Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched. The main inclusion criterion was ALs evaluated in CBCT images. The quality of studies was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute risk of bias checklist. Subgroup analyses were conducted for sex, side, continent, voxel size, field of view, and type of CBCT-reconstruction images with a random-effects model. Results Sixty-three studies with 13,743 participants (27,075 hemimandibles) were included. An AL was found in 40.6% (95% CI: 32.8%-48.9%, P <0.05) of participants and 36.0% (95% CI: 27.5%-45.5%, P <0.05) of hemimandibles, in 34.9% (95% CI: 25.1%-46.2%, P <0.05) of males and 34.5% (95% CI: 23.5%-47.4%, P <0.05) of females. The average length of ALs was 2.39 mm (95% CI: 2.07-2.70 mm, P <0.05). Their extension was 2.13 mm (95% CI: 1.54-2.73 mm, P <0.05) in males and 1.85 mm (95% CI: 1.35-2.36 mm, P <0.05) in females. Significant differences were observed regarding the prevalence and length of ALs among continents and for its measured length on different CBCT-reconstruction images, but not between other subgroups. Conclusion AL was a relatively common finding. The voxel size and fields of view of CBCT devices were adequate for assessing AL; however, a 2-mm safety margin from anatomical structures (such as the AL) could be recommended to be considered when using CBCT imaging.

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“…Meanwhile, Shalash et al 12 found that the mean distance from the inferior border was 10.08 mm in females and 10.55 mm in males, with no significant difference between the genders in their research on an Egyptian population to estimate the position and size of the MF via CBCT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Morphometric Analysis of the Mental Foramen Variation in an Iraqi Population by Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Hassan

Mohammed

Al-Ghurabi

2021

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Intraoral mini-invasive technique is a surgical approach developed from the COMIT and the Aksoyler technique, which aims to overcome the limitations and complications of ORIF for the treatment of extracapsular condylar fractures. It consists of an intraoral incision giving access to the medial and lateral surfaces of the mandible, whose periosteum is elevated with a long and curved dissector to reach the fracture line. A stable distraction of the bone fragments is guaranteed by molar splints and RIF, while precise fracture reduction is performed with the periosteal dissector.In the literature, the treatment of choice for sub condylar fractures is an ongoing debate. The main concerns are related to the procedure complexity and the major complications such as the skin scarring caused by cutaneous accesses and facial asymmetry by FNI. 3,[7][8][9] Currently, these complications may have considerable social and economic consequences, especially among the young population. Microsurgical approaches to repair the nerve have been described, but the results are not guaranteed and often suboptimal. 10 The goals for an ideal treatment are optimal fracture reduction, functional preservation of the temporomandibular joints with class I occlusion, posterior ramous height restoration, and avoidance of facial scars or FNI.Aksoyler et al 2 and the author both accomplished these goals. Aksoyler worked with only the pediatric population, taking advantage of the tissue's remodeling capacity as explained by the Wolff's and Hueter-Volkman laws of bone remodeling, according to which the ramous height and angulation are restored.Aksoyler performed the fracture rim distraction using assistant digital pressure at the molar area in an unstable position.However, in this case, the patient was an adult, and the fracture distraction was obtained using molar splints and RIF. In this way, a precise reduction of the condylar fragment in a more stable mandible position was achieved. Excessive pressure of the periosteal dissector on the condylar fragment was avoided without any new dislocations or vascular complications.A favorable horizontal stump surface at the fracture rim is essential for the primary stability achieved by compression after the removal of the resin splint and the new positioning of the RIF. An oblique fracture rim needs the occlusal splint to be left in place in association with the RIF.The fracture stability control with radiological imaging such as X-rays and 3D-CT scans, both intraoperatively and postoperatively, is paramount.

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Position and dimensions of the mental foramen and presence of the anterior loop in the Egyptian population: a retrospective CBCT study

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Morphometric study for the localization of the mental foramen in relation to the vertical reference plane

Morphometric study for the localization of the mental foramen in relation to the vertical reference plane

Prevalence and extension of the anterior loop of the mental nerve in different populations and CBCT imaging settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Morphometric Analysis of the Mental Foramen Variation in an Iraqi Population by Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

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