Porphyrin‐Tape/C<sub>60</sub> Organic Photodetectors with 6.5% External Quantum Efficiency in the Near Infrared

Zimmerman, Jeramy D.; Diev, Vyacheslav V.; Hanson, Kenneth; Lunt, Richard R.; Yu, Eric Kai-Hsiang; Thompson, Mark E.; Forrest, Stephen R.

doi:10.1002/adma.200904341

Cited by 142 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[ 4,18 ] One reason might be attributed to the lack of proper low-bandgap organic materials with high absorption coeffi cient and mobility for effi cient light harvesting and charge transport. [ 14,19 ] Another lies in the unavoidable contact of both donor and acceptor materials with the electrodes in a bulk hetero junction structure, which leads to the low shunt resistance and subsequent the large dark current injection under reverse bias. [ 14,20 ] As a major source of the device noise, a large dark current density would worsen the sensitivity and increase the power consumption.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adom201500224mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Low Dark Current, High Responsivity, All‐Polymer Photodetectors with Spectral Response from 300 nm to 1000 nm

Zhou

Yang

2015

Advanced Optical Materials

129

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COMMUNICATIONbetter organic photodetector performance could be achieved if a low dark current density and a high EQE can be reached at the same time.In this paper, we present the fabrication and characterization of an all polymer photodetector sensing from 300 nm to 1000 nm with a calculated peak detectivity greater than 1.0 × 10 13 Jones in the NIR region, on the basis of the shot noise limit. The device also shows a respectable EQE of 27.7% at a wavelength of 850 nm under −0.5 V bias. Importantly, the dark current density is as extremely low as 0.64 nA cm −2 , which should be the best result among all wide spectrum response organic photodetectors reported so far. It can be seen that introducing a thin cross-linkable hole transporting/electron blocking layer greatly reduces the dark current density, while simultaneously preserving the photoresponse.A low-bandgap diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based polymer poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole-terthiophene) (PDPP3T), as shown in Figure 1 a, is utilized as the donor material, which has proven to be a promising candidate for organic fi eld-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic solar cells. [21][22][23][24] This polymer possesses a narrow-bandgap of 1.3 eV and nearly balanced hole and electron mobilities of 0.04 and 0.01 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . [ 21 ] As shown, it is able to cover the UV/visible/NIR spectral region and outputs a high photoresponse when incorporated with a (6,6)-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM) acceptor.Poly[ N , N ′-bis(4-butylphenyl)-N , N ′-bis(phenyl)-benzidine] (poly-TPD) is an effi cient hole transport material with a hole mobility of about 2.0 × 10 −3 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and has been widely used in polymer/quantum dot light emitting diodes as hole transporting layer due to its resistance to nonpolar organic solvents, such as toluene and p-xylene. [25][26][27] As reported, poly-TPD is also cross-linkable under 254 nm UV light exposure, [ 28 ] which is favorable to multilayer solution processing even with polar solvent, such as chloroform (CF) and o-dichlorobenzene ( o-DCB). In our devices, the cross-linked polymer is used as a buffer layer to collect the photogenerated holes and block the electron injection from the indium tin oxide (ITO) anode to the active layer under reverse bias.To verify the resistance of cross-linked poly-TPD fi lm to polar solvent, the absorption measurements were carried out for the poly-TPD fi lms deposited on fused silica substrates, both with and without UV irradiation. Prior to testing, the fi lms were washed by spin coating with o-DCB solvent and then dried on a hotplate. As shown in Figure 2 , after washing, the absorption remains as high as 92% for the UV light treated fi lm, while the value for the untreated fi lm is only 9.7%. The results suggest that poly-TPD fi lm gets cross-linked and shows excellent polar solvent resistivity after UV light exposure.

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Section: Doi: 101002/adom201500224mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Low Dark Current, High Responsivity, All‐Polymer Photodetectors with Spectral Response from 300 nm to 1000 nm

Zhou

Yang

2015

Advanced Optical Materials

129

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“…10,[12][13][14][15][16]18 For example, Forrest's group has demonstrated the organic PDs with D over 10 10 Jones, nevertheless, the EQE was only 6.5%. 18 Polymer PDs with D over 10 13 Jones has been demonstrated, but the EQE under zero bias was less than 10%. 11 In general, the EQE of polymer PDs and other organic PDs with spectral response at wavelength (λ) less than 800 nm is around 40%; and the EQE at λ > 800 nm is only a few percent.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution-Processed Ultrasensitive Polymer Photodetectors with High External Quantum Efficiency and Detectivity

Liu

Wang

Yang

et al. 2012

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Operating at room temperature, polymer photodetectors (PDs) with external quantum efficiency approximately 80%, detectivity over 10(13) Jones, linear dynamic range over 120 dB, and dark current a few decades of nA/cm(2) were demonstrated. All these performance parameters were achieved by combined treatment of active layer with solvent vapor annealing and of polymer PDs with postproduction thermal annealing. These high performance parameters demonstrated that polymer PDs is comparable to or better than inorganic counterparts.

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“…It can be seen that the extended π -system of the dimer leads to a red shifted absorption compared with SubPc. [ 17 ] As a result, SubPc and FSubPcDimer together cover a broad spectral region where solar irradiance is very strong.…”

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confidence: 98%

A 4% Efficient Organic Solar Cell Using a Fluorinated Fused Subphthalocyanine Dimer as an Electron Acceptor

Verreet¹,

Rand²,

Cheyns³

et al. 2011

Advanced Energy Materials

111

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Porphyrin‐Tape/C₆₀ Organic Photodetectors with 6.5% External Quantum Efficiency in the Near Infrared

Cited by 142 publications

References 19 publications

Extremely Low Dark Current, High Responsivity, All‐Polymer Photodetectors with Spectral Response from 300 nm to 1000 nm

Extremely Low Dark Current, High Responsivity, All‐Polymer Photodetectors with Spectral Response from 300 nm to 1000 nm

Solution-Processed Ultrasensitive Polymer Photodetectors with High External Quantum Efficiency and Detectivity

A 4% Efficient Organic Solar Cell Using a Fluorinated Fused Subphthalocyanine Dimer as an Electron Acceptor

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Porphyrin‐Tape/C60 Organic Photodetectors with 6.5% External Quantum Efficiency in the Near Infrared

Cited by 142 publications

References 19 publications

Extremely Low Dark Current, High Responsivity, All‐Polymer Photodetectors with Spectral Response from 300 nm to 1000 nm

Extremely Low Dark Current, High Responsivity, All‐Polymer Photodetectors with Spectral Response from 300 nm to 1000 nm

Solution-Processed Ultrasensitive Polymer Photodetectors with High External Quantum Efficiency and Detectivity

A 4% Efficient Organic Solar Cell Using a Fluorinated Fused Subphthalocyanine Dimer as an Electron Acceptor

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Resources

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Porphyrin‐Tape/C₆₀ Organic Photodetectors with 6.5% External Quantum Efficiency in the Near Infrared