Porous α-MoO₃/MWCNT Nanocomposite Synthesized via a Surfactant-Assisted Solvothermal Route as a Lithium-Ion-Battery High-Capacity Anode Material with Excellent Rate Capability and Cyclability

Abstract

A high-performance α-MoO3/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite material is synthesized via a novel surfactant-assisted solvothermal process followed by low-temperature calcination. Its structure, composition, and morphology are characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, carbon element analysis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption determination, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Its electrochemical performance as a high-capacity lithium-ion-battery anode material is investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic discharge/recharge methods. This composite material exhibits not only high capacity but also excellent rate capability and cyclability. For example, when the discharge/charge current density is increased from 0.1 to 2 A g(-1), the reversible charge capacity is only decreased from 1138.3 to 941.4 mAh g(-1), giving a capacity retention of 82.7%. Even if it is cycled at a high current density of 20 A g(-1), a reversible charge capacity of 490.2 mAh g(-1) is still retained, showing a capacity retention of 43.1%. When it is repeatedly cycled at a current of 0.5 A g(-1), the initial reversible charge capacity is 1041.1 mAh g(-1). A maximum charge capacity of 1392.2 mAh g(-1) is achieved at the 292th cycle. After 300 cycles, a high charge capacity of 1350.3 mAh g(-1) is maintained. Enhancement of the electrical conduction contributed by the MWCNT composite component as well as the loose and porous texture of the MoO3/MWCNT composite is suggested to be responsible for the excellent performance.

A New Polyoxometalate (POM)‐Based Composite: Fabrication through POM‐Assisted Polymerization of Dopamine and Properties as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…[17b] There are three components in the O1ss pectrum ( Figure S3 c), resulting from MÀO/M=O( M = Mo or V) (530.5 eV), quinone C=O( 531.6 eV), and catechol CÀOH (532.8 eV). [23,24] The presence of C=Oi ndicates the formation of quinone groups in PDA, whichi si na ccord with the FTIR results. From the XPS spectrum of O1s, the amount of quinone in the PMo 10 V 2 /PDA composite is calculated to be 42 %.…”

“…The N1sp eak at around 399.1 eV ( Figure S3 d) is assigned to the amine groups in the heterocycle of PDA. [24][25][26] The PMo 10 V 2 /PDA composite electrodes in all the coin cells were prepared withouta dditional binder. [24][25][26] The PMo 10 V 2 /PDA composite electrodes in all the coin cells were prepared withouta dditional binder.…”

Mixed Molybdenum Oxides with Superior Performances as an Advanced Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Recently, metal oxide nanostructures, especially nanostructured oxides have been prepared as anode materials for lithium ion batteries due to their short diffusion length, larger reaction surface area between the electrode and electrolyte, as well as extra space for better accommodation of the strain induced by large volume changes67891011. For example, molybdenum dioxide with a yolk-shell structure achieves a discharge capacity of 847.5 mAh·g −1 after 50 cycles at 50 mA·g −1  12.…”

Thermal stability and photoluminescence property of hexagonal MoO3·0.55H2O microrods

“…As a wide band gap n-type semiconductor, molybdenum trioxide (MoO 3 ) has become a promising candidate for many technological applications, such as gas sensors,[1À3] batteries, [4,5] supercapacitors, [6,7] electrochromic devices, [8,9] catalysis [10,11] and optical field, [12] owing to its low cost, non-toxicity, high electrochemical activity and environmentally friendly nature. MoO 3 has three polymorphs [13]: the well-known thermodynamically stable phase of a-MoO 3 , the metastable phases of monoclinic b-MoO 3 and hexagonal h-MoO 3 .…”