Porosity-induced emission: exploring color-controllable fluorescence of porous organic polymers and their chemical sensing applications

Li, Yankai; Bi, Shiming; Liu, Fei; Wu, Shengying; Hu, Jun; Wang, Limin; Liu, Honglai; Hu, Ying

doi:10.1039/c5tc00682a

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, these quenching effects could overcome the porosity‐induced emission effect. It has been demonstrated that porosity can efficiently enhance luminescent activity as a result of the interwoven porous network, and thus higher porosity could lead to higher fluorescence . However, HPP‐1 c and HPP‐2 c , which have the highest emission intensity in each series of polymers, only possess moderate porosities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally,t he signal at around À99 ppm has been assigned to Q n (Si(OSi) n (OH) 4Àn )s pecies,w hich suggests that partial SiÀCb onds were also cleaved. HPP-2 a shows as imilar 29 Si NMR spectrum.T he destruction observedi nt hese polymers can be explained by the distortion of cubic POSS cages linked through rigid connections to form cross-linking networks and the introduction of base as acida dsorbent. [14, 19d, 20, 21c]…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…To confirm their structures,t he polymers were fully characterized by FTIR and solid-state 13 Ca nd 29 Si CP/MASN MR spectroscopy. Owing to their similarc hemical structures, HPP-1 a and HPP-2 a were selected as representative examples for discussion.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 29 Si NMR spectra are shown in Figure 2. For HPP-1 a, three signals are observed at À60.6, À69.0, and À78.2 ppm, which belongt ot he T 1 ,T 2 ,a nd T 3 units (T n :C Si(OSi) n (OH) 3Àn )i n the framework.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5,8,15] However, to the best of our knowledge,t here is no report describing the latter strategy.T hus, we have provided ap ossible new strategy for tuning the absorption and band gaps of the FPP materials.W es peculate that the tunability induced as ar esult of different reaction conditions can be attributed to two factors. One is the different conjugatedm oieties in the networks induced by different rates of polymerization, for example, the time for the initial formation of the cross-linking products waso bservedv isually at 5, 8, and 4hfor HPP-1 a, HPP-1 b,and HPP-1 c prepared by methods A, B, andC,respectively.T he other is the different structural defects that arise during the syntheses under differentc onditions, which may allow different coupling between nearby aromatic groups,a s provedbyt he solid-state 29 Si MAS NMR data. [20b] Then the fluorescent emission spectra of these polymers were recorded in the solid-state and dispersed in ethanol ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Photophysical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorescence‐Tuned Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane‐Based Porous Polymers

Wang

Feng

Liu

2016

Chemistry A European J

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Two series of new polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based fluorescent hybrid porous polymers, HPP-1 and HPP-2, have been prepared by the Heck reaction of octavinylsilsesquioxane with 2,2',7,7'-tetrabromo-9,9'-spirobifluorene and 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene, respectively. Three sets of reaction conditions were employed to assess their effect on fluorescence. These materials exhibit tunable fluorescence from nearly no fluorescence to bright fluorescence both in the solid state and dispersed in ethanol under UV light irradiation by simply altering the reaction conditions. We speculated that the difference may be attributable to the fluorescence quenching induced by Et3 N, P(o-CH3 Ph)3 , and their hydrogen bromide salts employed in the reactions. This finding could give valuable suggestions for the construction of porous polymers with tunable/controllable fluorescence, especially those prepared by Heck and Sonogashira reactions in which these quenchers are used as organic bases or co-catalysts. In addition, the porosities can also be tuned, but different trends in porosity have been found in these two series of polymers, which suggests that various factors should be carefully considered in the preparation of porous polymers with tunable/controllable porosity. Furthermore, HPP-1 c showed moderate CO2 uptake and fluorescence that was efficiently quenched by nitroaromatic explosives, thereby indicating that these materials could be utilized as solid absorbents for the capture and storage of CO2 and as sensing agents for the detection of explosives.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photophysical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorescence‐Tuned Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane‐Based Porous Polymers

Wang

Feng

Liu

2016

Chemistry A European J

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Stepwise Crosslinking: A Facile Yet Versatile Conceptual Strategy to Nanomorphology‐Persistent Porous Organic Polymers

Líu

Yang

et al. 2017

Advanced Materials

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Both high surface areas and well-orchestrated nanomorphologies are important for porous organic polymers (POPs). However, the two key characteristics are generally difficult to be satisfied simultaneously, because the common pore-making procedures usually produce ill-defined nanomorphologies or give rise to damage of precustomized nanomorphologies. Herein, a facile yet versatile stepwise crosslinking strategy for fabrication of POPs with an unusual nanomorphology-persistent characteristic during pore-making is reported. Polystyrene nanofibers and poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) nanosphere arrays are utilized as building blocks, and then transformed into nanofibrillar morphology-persistent and ordered array morphology-persistent POPs via stepwise crosslinking, respectively. The stepwise crosslinking strategy includes pre-crosslinking and hypercrosslinking; the pre-crosslinking in a carefully selected poor solvent of polystyrene forms a lowly crosslinked structure, which guarantees the stability of nanomorphology during the subsequent pore-making via hypercrosslinking. The as-obtained POPs can be used as precursors for novel well-defined hyperporous carbon nanofibers and ordered carbon nanosphere arrays with excellent adsorption performances.

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Synthesis of secondary amine‐based fluorescent porous organic polymers via Friedel–Crafts polymerization reaction for adsorbing and fluorescent sensing iodine

Tong-mou

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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We present the preparation and characterization of a novel class of secondary amine‐based porous organic polymers (POPs: TDPA and TTPBTA), and their iodine adsorption, fluorescence sensing properties for the first time. Two secondary amine‐based POPs were synthetized by Friedel−Crafts polymerization reaction catalyzed via methylsulfonic acid with yields of 22.51 and 54.44%. The thermal stability of resulting POPs run up to above 268 and 568°C, and their BET specific surface areas are 56.5 and 2.49 m2 g−1, respectively. Their iodine adsorption and fluorescent sensing properties are comparable to that of triphenylamine (TPA)‐based (tertiary amine) POPs. The resulting POPs display excellent sorption abilities to iodine molecules with the iodine adsorption capacity of about 3.93 and 1.64 g g−1. Adsorbed iodine is easily desorbed by heating or washing with organic solvents, which make them reusable. They can also adsorb iodine from cyclohexane solution. Moreover, the POPs possess excellent fluorescent sensing property for I2 with Ksv of 1.85 × 104 and 6.56 × 104 L mol−1, as well as the limits of detection (LODs) of 1.62 × 10−11 and 6.86 × 10−12 mol L−1. The performance of adsorbing and fluorescence sensing iodine can be explained by electron transfer mechanism.

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Porosity-induced emission: exploring color-controllable fluorescence of porous organic polymers and their chemical sensing applications

Cited by 54 publications

References 44 publications

Fluorescence‐Tuned Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane‐Based Porous Polymers

Fluorescence‐Tuned Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane‐Based Porous Polymers

Stepwise Crosslinking: A Facile Yet Versatile Conceptual Strategy to Nanomorphology‐Persistent Porous Organic Polymers

Synthesis of secondary amine‐based fluorescent porous organic polymers via Friedel–Crafts polymerization reaction for adsorbing and fluorescent sensing iodine

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