Porogenic Solvents Influence on Morphology of 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride Based PolyHIPEs

Abstract

Poly(high internal phase emulsion) materials were prepared from concentrated emulsions containing 4-vinylbenzyl chloride as the reactive monomer and divinylbenzene as the cross-linker. Emulsions consisted of 80 vol. % aqueous phase (water, CaCl 2 , initiator) and 20 vol. % of organic phase (monomers, surfactant Span 80 and a porogenic solvent). Polymerized samples were purified and investigated for morphology and porosity by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption/ desorption and inverse steric exclusion chromatography (ISEC). It was found that no substantial additional dry porosity was achieved by the addition of solvents (as determined by nitrogen adsorption) while wet microporosity was substantially improved as determined by the ISEC method. The process of drying the polyHIPE materials also influenced the wet porosity.

Enrichment of steroid hormones in water with porous and hydrophobic polymer‐based SPE followed by HPLC–UV determination

“…This result supports the view of Svec that the choice of pore‐forming solvent or porogen is a potential tool to control the porous properties without changing the chemical composition of the final polymer. This point was also confirmed by Jerabek et al and Cameron and Barbetta . The effect of porogenic solvents on the morphology and surface area of the polymers can be attributed to solubility parameters and phase separation .…”

Porous polymer monoliths: Amazingly wide variety of techniques enabling their preparation

“…Polymerization of reactive monomers is an alternative approach to functionalized polyHIPE. Thus, chloromethylstyrene was polymerized in combination with styrene, divinylbenzene, in presence of chlorobenzene porogen to afford monolithic polyHIPE structure with a surface area of 223 m 2 /g measured using inverse size exclusion chromatography [171]. In a different study, polyHIPE was prepared from glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene dimethacrylate in a 50 × 4.2 mm I.D.…”

Chemically modified organic/inorganic nanoporous composite particles for the adsorption of reactive black 5 from aqueous solution

“…Nevertheless, mechanically stable functional porous polymer particles with large specific surface area can be an appropriate candidate to fulfill the requirements of the efficient adsorbents. Porous polymer particles can be prepared by different methods such as the addition of a gas-forming agent to the polymerization solution [28], using a macro-or micro-porogenic solvents [29], utilizing a sacrificial solid support [30], to name a few. The particles can be hypercrosslinked, for example, by using a bifunctional crosslinking agent [31] and Friedel-Crafts catalyst.…”