Pore surface engineering in covalent organic frameworks

Abstract

Covalent organic frameworks (CoFs) are a class of important porous materials that allow atomically precise integration of building blocks to achieve pre-designable pore size and geometry; however, pore surface engineering in CoFs remains challenging. Here we introduce pore surface engineering to CoF chemistry, which allows the controlled functionalization of CoF pore walls with organic groups. This functionalization is made possible by the use of azideappended building blocks for the synthesis of CoFs with walls to which a designable content of azide units is anchored. The azide units can then undergo a quantitative click reaction with alkynes to produce pore surfaces with desired groups and preferred densities. The diversity of click reactions performed shows that the protocol is compatible with the development of various specific surfaces in CoFs. Therefore, this methodology constitutes a step in the pore surface engineering of CoFs to realize pre-designed compositions, components and functions.

High-yield clicking and dissociation of doxorubicin nanoclusters exhibiting differential cellular uptakes and imaging

“…9 2100 cm -1 , a peak that was absent for AuNP [29]. We also confirmed the surface-conjugated DOX on AuNP by acquiring a Raman spectrum at 633 nm and 785 nm ( Figure 1B).…”

Understanding of mass transfer resistance for the adsorption of solute onto porous material from the modified mass transfer factor models

“…Acidic and basic functional groups [9,31] associated with GAC original from coconut shell are quite important. The types of acidic functional groups are carbonylic, phenolic, lactonic and carboxylic, with carbonylic representing as the major acidic surface function [9].…”

Thiophene-based covalent organic frameworks

“…Such electronic properties are particularly difficult to engineer in microporous MOFs, where high charge mobility and conductivity have only recently been demonstrated (13-15). Despite their layered structures, the typical hexagonal or square lattices of 2D COFs exhibit large 1D channels with well-defined pores that can be subject to reticular chemistry and postsynthetic modification (16,17), and where complementary donor or acceptor molecules may in principle be inserted. Clearly, the unprecedented combination of high surface area, crystallinity, chemical and pore size tunability, and unique molecular architecture make COFs tantalizing targets for a new generation of electronic devices, including sustainable batteries, field-effect transistors, and photovoltaics.…”