Pore size evolution during sintering of ceramic oxides

Varela, José Arana; Whittemore, O. J.; Longo, Elson

doi:10.1016/0272-8842(90)90053-i

Cited by 131 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A decrease in V T is observed between 500 o C and 600 o C and, from 600 o C to 900 o C, the V T values are virtually constant. The decrease between 500 o C and 600 o C could be caused by a particle rearrangement, as suggested in [12] or it could be the result of localized shrinkage, since the decreased V T value did not alter the macroscopic shrinkage. The analysis given in Figs.…”

Section: Pore Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Sintering of undoped SnO2

et al. 2003

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Pure SnO 2 sintering was studied by constant heating rate and isothermal sintering. The constant heating rate study showed no macroscopic shrinkage during the sintering process up to 1500 o C. Pore size distribution measurements, using gas desorption, and grain size and crystallite size measurements of isothermally sintered samples showed no formation of nondensifying microstructures during the sintering process. These results are a strong indication that densification was prevented by thermodynamic factors, mainly the high ratio of γ GB /γ SV . An explanation, based on the nature of covalent bonding and the balance between attractive and repulsive forces, was proposed to explain the high γ GB /γ SV ratio in SnO 2 .

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Section: Pore Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Sintering of undoped SnO2

et al. 2003

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“…Therefore, densification kinetics, [64][65][66] grain growth, [67][68][69][70][71] phase stability, [72] oxidation number or stoichiometry [73][74][75][76] are affected by the sintering atmosphere. In general, the reduction in surface energy of the particles resulting from the adsorption of specific species of gas, water, or organics should be considered, [77] because this modifies the thermodynamical driving force to surface reduction and sintering.…”

Section: Role Of Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schwarz et al [49] observed not only an increased densification rate for nanocrystalline zinc oxide with moisture in FAST/SPS but also a remarkable difference in final density at a lowered sintering temperature. The presence of water vapor in the sintering atmosphere is known to enhance surface diffusion of magnesia doped alumina, [65] titania, [78] magnesia, [79][80][81][82] or zinc oxide [64] due to chemical interaction of water with the surface of the oxide and surface diffusion of hydroxyl ions and protons. A decrease in densification was observed when sintering in a carbon oxide atmosphere because of the formation of carbonate layers inhibiting diffusion.…”

Section: Role Of Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A decrease in densification was observed when sintering in a carbon oxide atmosphere because of the formation of carbonate layers inhibiting diffusion. [64] Moreover, gases entrapped in closed pores are detrimental to achieve full density and can even lead to desintering due to pressure build-up. [83] Coble showed for MgO-doped alumina that nearly full densification could be achieved by sintering in either hydrogen or oxygen but not in helium, nitrogen, or argon.…”

Section: Role Of Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

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Field‐Assisted Sintering Technology/Spark Plasma Sintering: Mechanisms, Materials, and Technology Developments

et al. 2014

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Field-assisted sintering technology/Spark plasma sintering is a low voltage, direct current (DC) pulsed current activated, pressure-assisted sintering, and synthesis technique, which has been widely applied for materials processing in the recent years. After a description of its working principles and historical background, mechanical, thermal, electrical effects in FAST/SPS are presented along with the role of atmosphere. A selection of successful materials development including refractory materials, nanocrystalline functional ceramics, graded, and non-equilibrium materials is then discussed. Finally, technological aspects (advanced tool concepts, temperature measurement, finite element simulations) are covered.

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“…This means that the densification kinetics, phase stability, stoichiometry, and grain growth are affected by the sintering atmosphere (Varela, Whittemore, and Longo, 1990;Recnik et al, 1994). In general, gas atmospheres have several effects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) - an advanced sintering technique for structural nanocomposite materials

Matizamhuka¹

2016

J. South. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.

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The consolidation of nano-sized composite materials presents a challenge using conventional hot pressing methods. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology has shown great promise in the successful sintering of nanoreinforced composite materials. This qualitative review seeks to impart knowledge gathered, and progress made over the years on the consolidation of nanocomposite materials using SPS technology. The review is aimed at introducing this technology to the South African science and engineering community. Emphasis is on improving the mechanical properties of structural ceramic nanocomposite materials, which over the years have shown great promise in a wide range of applications, including transport, energy, mining, and the environment. Although success has been achieved within the laboratory for research purposes, there are still great opportunities to commercialize the technology for the production of larger components with more complex shapes. ceramic nanocomposites, structural materials, spark plasma sintering, fracture toughness, ceramic matrix composites.

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Pore size evolution during sintering of ceramic oxides

Cited by 131 publications

References 12 publications

Sintering of undoped SnO2

Sintering of undoped SnO2

Field‐Assisted Sintering Technology/Spark Plasma Sintering: Mechanisms, Materials, and Technology Developments

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) - an advanced sintering technique for structural nanocomposite materials

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