Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induces caspase-independent apoptosis through activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor

Kim, Youngnam; Lee, Changhee

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2014.04.040

Cited by 92 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…These processes lead to villous atrophy and vacuolation as well as a marked reduction in the enzymatic activity, causing malabsorptive watery diarrhea, followed by serious and fatal dehydration in piglets [132][133][134].…”

Section: Epidemic Porcine Diarrhea (Pedv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Transmission Electron Microscopy Techniques in the Veterinary Diagnosis of Viral Gastroenteritis in Livestock Animals

Catroxo¹,

Martins²

2018

Stomach Disorders

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Gastroenteritis caused by viruses is considered to be one of the most important diseases in livestock, being the main cause of morbidity and mortality in young animals, culminating in serious economic losses due to costs with prophylaxis and treatment, increased susceptibility of animals to secondary infections, developmental delay and death. Stressful factors may support the onset of illness. Several viral agents can cause gastroenteritis in various animal species. Rotaviruses are considered the main cause of enteric infections in various animals, including humans constituting important zoonosis. Due to genetic diversity and their ability to cross the species barrier, the coronaviruses infect many species. In cattle, they cause "Winter Dysentery" in adult animals and "Neonatal Diarrhea" in newborn calves. In swine, they are responsible for "Transmissible Gastroenteritis" and "Swine Epidemic Diarrhea." Equines infected with coronavirus also develop severe gastroenteritis. Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) caused by a flavivirus of the genus Pestivirus is related to digestive and reproductive disorders, affecting any productive sector, are it cut, milk or confinement. Transmission electron microscopy is an indispensable tool in the diagnosis of viral gastroenteric infectious diseases. Negative staining is a simple, fast and efficient technique, being ideal for the detection of gastroenteric viruses, being easily visualized. The immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) technique allows increasing the sensitivity of virus detection where low concentrations of virus are aggregated so that they may be more easily seen. The immunolabeling with colloidal gold technique utilizes specific antibodies tagged with particles of colloidal gold to label the antigen antibody reaction. Embedding resin technique allows obtaining information on the virus-cell interaction. The different transmission electron microscopy modalities promotes a fast and accurate diagnosis of the different gastroenteric viral agents, allowing prophylactic measures of control and prevention in the creations to be promptly instituted, avoiding animal losses and disastrous economic losses, and collaborating with the National Porcine and Bovine Agribusiness.

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Section: Epidemic Porcine Diarrhea (Pedv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Transmission Electron Microscopy Techniques in the Veterinary Diagnosis of Viral Gastroenteritis in Livestock Animals

Catroxo¹,

Martins²

2018

Stomach Disorders

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“…TGEV and PEDV infection induce programmed cell death in cell cultures and in vivo (Cruz et al, 2011; Eleouet et al, 2000; Kim and Lee, 2014). In contrast, apoptosis produced by PDCoV has only been detected in cell cultures but not in vivo (Jung et al, 2016).…”

Section: Host Cell Pathways Involved In Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TGEV-induced cell death is caspase-dependent, and apoptosis inhibition has no effect on viral replication (Eleouet et al, 1998). In contrast, PEDV induces a caspase-independent cyclophilin D-dependent pathway, and apoptosis inhibition decreases viral replication (Kim and Lee, 2014). Independently of the mechanism involved, in the infection by both CoVs, apoptosis has been associated with the promotion of virus shedding and pathogenesis (Cruz et al, 2011; Kim and Lee, 2014).…”

Section: Host Cell Pathways Involved In Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence factors in porcine coronaviruses and vaccine design

et al. 2016

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Porcine enteric coronaviruses (CoVs) cause severe disease in the porcine herds worldwide, leading to important economic losses. Despite the knowledge of these viruses since the 1970’s, vaccination strategies have not been implemented, leading to continuous re-emergence of novel virulent strains. Live attenuated vaccines historically have been the most efficient. We consider that the new trend is the development of recombinant vaccines by using reverse genetics systems to engineer attenuated viruses, which could be used as effective and safe modified live vaccine candidates. To this end, host cell signaling pathways influencing porcine CoV virulence should be identified. Similarly, the identity of viral proteins involved in the modulation of host cell pathways influencing CoV pathogenesis should be analyzed. With this information, and using reverse genetics systems, it is possible to design viruses with modifications in the viral proteins acting as virulence factors, which may lead to attenuated viruses and, therefore, vaccine candidates. In addition, novel antiviral drugs may be developed once the host cell pathways and the molecular mechanism affecting porcine CoV replication and virulence are known. This review is focused in the host cell responses to enteric porcine CoV infection and the viral proteins involved in pathogenesis.

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“…PEDV, which is genetically similar to the transmissible gastroenteritis virus, feline coronavirus, and human coronavirus 229E (Kim and Lee, 2014), is approximately 2.8 kb in length and has both 5' and 3' untranslated regions. PEDV consists of four structural proteins: a spike protein, an envelope protein, a membrane protein (M), and a nucleocapsid protein (N) (Brian and Baric, 2005;Zhao et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the M and N genes of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains in Anhui Province, China

Sun

Ding

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. To assess the homology and phylogenetic relationship between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) Anhui strains and other PEDV strains, molecular homology and phylogenetic analyses of Anhui PEDV field strains were compared with those of reference strains. The results revealed that the M and N genes of PEDV were 681 and 1326 bp long, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of the N genes of Anhui PEDV strains were 95.9-99.9% homologous with each other, and the deduced amino acid sequences were 92.5-99.8% homologous. Compared with the PEDV reference strains, the Anhui PEDV field strains had 94.1-99.5% nucleotide sequence homology in the N gene and 91.2-97.5% amino acid mutation homology in the N protein. The nucleotide sequences of the M genes of Anhui PEDV were 98.3-100% homologous, 13403-13413 (2015) and the deduced amino acid sequences were 96.5-99.6% homologous. Compared with the PEDV reference strains, the Anhui PEDV field strains had 96.9-100% nucleotide sequence homology in the M gene and 96.5-99.6% amino acid homology in the M protein. The Anhui strains were genetically similar to USA strains (USA/Iowa/16465/2013 and USA/Indiana/17846/2013) but different from European (CV777;Br1/7), Korean (Chinju99), and Japanese (83p-5) strains.

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induces caspase-independent apoptosis through activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor

Cited by 92 publications

References 49 publications

Application of Transmission Electron Microscopy Techniques in the Veterinary Diagnosis of Viral Gastroenteritis in Livestock Animals

Application of Transmission Electron Microscopy Techniques in the Veterinary Diagnosis of Viral Gastroenteritis in Livestock Animals

Virulence factors in porcine coronaviruses and vaccine design

Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the M and N genes of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains in Anhui Province, China

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