Porcine enamel matrix derivative enhances trabecular bone regeneration during wound healing of injured rat femur

Abstract

To elucidate the effects of enamel matrix derivative (EMD: Emdogain) on bone regeneration in rat femurs after drill-hole injury, defects in bone were filled with either EMD or its carrier, PGA, as control. On postoperative days 4 to 28, dissected femurs were examined by means of various morphological approaches. In both experimental groups, formation of trabecular bone, which was immunostained for bone sialoproteins (BSP), had occurred in the medullary cavities at cylindrical bone defects on Day 7 postoperatively. Cuboidal osteoblasts were clearly observed on these newly-formed BSP-positive bone trabeculae. On Days 7 and 14, many multinucleated giant cells, which strongly expressed cathepsin K, had appeared on these bone trabeculae, indicating active bone remodeling. In these bone trabeculae, Ca and P weight % and Ca/P ratio were similar to those of cortical bone, and there was no significant difference between the PGA-and EMD-applied groups. Bone volume fraction of newly-formed bone trabeculae on Day 7 postoperatively was significantly higher in the EMD-applied group than in the PGA-applied controls. Because of active bone remodeling and the marked decrease of bone volume, on Days 14 and 28 postoperatively, however, there was no longer a significant difference in trabecular bone volume fraction between the experimental groups. Our results suggest that EMD possesses an osteo-promotive effect on bone and medullary regeneration during wound healing of injured long bones. Anat Rec 264: 438 -446, 2001.

Bone grafting material in combination with Osteogain for bone repair: a rat histomorphometric study

“…The key components improving new bone formation in the present study were the effects of enamel matrix proteins which have been shown to affect new bone formation under various models and also utilizing various carrier systems [20,[31][32][33][34][35]. In a classical study by Boyan et al, it was shown that although EMD does not possess osteoinductive potential, it possessed osteopromotive benefits when it is combined with active demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBA) and resulted in enhanced bone induction [31].…”

The Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative in the Treatment of Periodontal Defects: a Literature Review and Meta-analysis

“…It enhances the osteoinductive potential of the graft material, due in part to its osteoconductive properties, but a threshold concentration is required. The latter conclusion was further supported in a morphological study in which the effect of locally applied EMD on bone and medullary regeneration was evaluated with the use of rat femurs in a drill-hole injury model (Kawana et al, 2001). The created defects were filled with either EMD (test group) or its carrier, PGA (control group).…”

Effect of coating Straumann® Bone Ceramic with Emdogain on mesenchymal stromal cell hard tissue formation

“…While Emdogain has been reported to possess osteopromotive effects on bone healing during repair of bone defects [51,52], other studies have indicated that Emdogain is not truly osteogenic in terms of its ability to induce bone production when implanted into ectopic sites [53,54]. Interestingly, Emdogain has been reported to inhibit the ectopic osteogenic capacity of dentin [53].…”