Population variation of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) within mixed orchards in the UK

Seventy‐one isolates of Venturia inaequalis collected from commercial apple growing areas of Kashmir were characterized on international differential apple hosts and analyzed by Random Amplified Polymorphic Microsatellites (RAMS), PCR–RFLP and sequencing of rDNA for elucidation of variability. Virulence analysis on a differential set categorized them into four pathogenic races, viz. (0), (1), (2) and (1,2) in the first time comprehensive molecular analysis of this in India and especially from Jammu and Kashmir, a north‐western Himalayan state of India. Race groups (0), (1), (2) and (1,2) contained isolates from diverse areas without specificity to any geographical zone or region. Cluster analysis of the RAMS and PCR–RFLP revealed a high genotypic diversity within V. inaequalis isolates. Three major clusters were obtained and the isolates could not be categorized on the basis of either their geographical distribution or the cultivar from which they were isolated. amova analysis of pathogen populations at regional or race level revealed high diversity within the populations. Pairwise FST comparisons between the populations revealed less genetic differentiation, thereby indicating existence of frequent gene flow in Kashmir. The 24 rDNA sequences of V. inaequalis showed high haplotype diversity of 0.938 and 0.40 nucleotide diversity. Again clustering at regional or race level detected greater part of variability within groups than among groups, thereby indicating high diversity in V. inaequalis populations in Kashmir valley.

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“…; Xu et al. , ) have observed low genetic differentiation in various V. inaequalis populations and our results confirm these reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence and Molecular Diversity of Venturia inaequalis in Commercial Apple Growing Regions in Kashmir

Padder

Sofi

Ahmad

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Apple scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis, was best characterized using knowledge of the genetic diversity among populations of species of the Venturiaceae family. Thus, molecular studies have provided new insights into the epidemiology and possible treatment of this disease (Xu et al, 2013). In pecan trees, F. effusum has been shown to be genetically diverse across the southeastern United States, with little evidence to differentiate between populations (Chen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular characterization of Cladosporium cladosporioides species complex causing pecan tree leaf spot

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to characterize species of the Cladosporium cladosporioides complex isolated from pecan trees (Carya illinoinensis) with symptoms of leaf spot, based on morphological and molecular approaches. Morphological attributes were assessed using monosporic cultures on potato dextrose agar medium, which were examined for mycelial growth, sporulation, color, and conidia and ramoconidia size. Molecular characterization comprised isolation of DNA and subsequent amplification of the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF-1α) region. Three species of the C. cladosporioides complex were identified: C. cladosporioides, Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides, and Cladosporium subuliforme. Sporulation was the most important characteristic differentiating 2 C. Walker et al. Genetics and Molecular Research 15 (3): gmr.15038714 species of this genus. However, morphological features must be considered together with molecular analysis, as certain characters are indistinguishable between species. TEF-1α can be effectively used to identify and group isolates belonging to the C. cladosporioides complex. The present study provides an important example of a methodology to ascertain similarity between isolates of this complex causing leaf spot in pecan trees, which should facilitate future pathogenicity studies.

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“…The number of clones (isolates sbaring identical multi-locus baplotypes) was calculated. The marker data for all 194 isolates were analyzed using an Un- weighted Paired Group Method of Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis (SAS V9.3, proc cluster, method=average; SAS Insdtute, Cary, NC) and a bootstrap analysis (100 samples) performed to generate a consensus phenogram based on the Jacard coefficient using WinBoot (65). For all calculations, the data were analyzed as dominant markers, with the genedcs assumed to be based on a haploid organism, as is typical with asexual forms of other fungi (e.g., 7,51,61 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Fusicladium effusum on Pecan in the United States

et al. 2014

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Population variation of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) within mixed orchards in the UK

Cited by 42 publications

References 25 publications

Virulence and Molecular Diversity of Venturia inaequalis in Commercial Apple Growing Regions in Kashmir

Virulence and Molecular Diversity of Venturia inaequalis in Commercial Apple Growing Regions in Kashmir

Morphological and molecular characterization of Cladosporium cladosporioides species complex causing pecan tree leaf spot

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Fusicladium effusum on Pecan in the United States

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