Population systematics of chimpanzees using molar morphometrics

Pilbrow, Varsha

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.07.008

Cited by 51 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Gonder et al (2006) showed that HVRI haplotypes of P. t. vellerosus are more closely related to those of P. t. verus of Upper Guinea than to those of P. t. troglodytes south of the Sanaga. Other recent studies have also supported the suggestion that chimpanzees in the Nigeria-Cameroon border region are taxonomically distinct (Hu et al 2001;Pilbrow 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

The type locality of Pan troglodytes vellerosus (Gray, 1862), and implications for the nomenclature of West African chimpanzees

2008

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We show that, in 1862, Richard Burton collected the type specimen of Pan troglodytes vellerosus not on Mount Cameroon, as has been generally assumed, but in Gabon. Therefore, P. t. vellerosus is not the correct name for the chimpanzee population of western Cameroon and southern Nigeria, if that population is taxonomically distinct. As First Reviser, we choose the name Pan troglodytes ellioti for this population of chimpanzees, based on Anthropopithecus ellioti named by Matschie [Matschie P (1914) Neue Affen aus Mittelafrika. Sitzungsber Ges Naturforsch Freunde Berlin 1914:323-342] from a specimen in the Humboldt Museum, Berlin, collected in Bascho (=Basho), Cameroon, and given to the museum in 1905.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

The type locality of Pan troglodytes vellerosus (Gray, 1862), and implications for the nomenclature of West African chimpanzees

2008

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“…However, morphological data for P. t. ellioti are very sparse, and the published studies are confounded by inclusion of specimens (41,42) collected outside its geographic range (6). The range of P. t. ellioti coincides with the Gulf of Guinea biodiversity hot spot in southern Nigeria and western Cameroon (9), but because our sample of chimpanzees was limited to Cameroon (24), we cannot comment on the uncertain genetic history of chimpanzees west of the Niger River in southwest Nigeria (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence from Cameroon reveals differences in the genetic structure and histories of chimpanzee populations

Gonder

Locatelli

Ghobrial

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

110

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The history of the genus Pan is a topic of enduring interest. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are often divided into subspecies, but the population structure and genetic history of chimpanzees across Africa remain unclear. Some population genetics studies have led to speculation that, until recently, this species constituted a single population with ongoing gene flow across its range, which resulted in a continuous gradient of allele frequencies. Chimpanzees, designated here as P. t. ellioti, occupy the Gulf of Guinea region that spans southern Nigeria and western Cameroon at the center of the distribution of this species. Remarkably, few studies have included individuals from this region, hindering the examination of chimpanzee population structure across Africa. Here, we analyzed microsatellite genotypes of 94 chimpanzees, including 32 designated as P. t. ellioti. We find that chimpanzees fall into three major populations: (i) Upper Guinea in western Africa (P. t. verus); (ii) the Gulf of Guinea region (P. t. ellioti); and (iii) equatorial Africa (P. t. troglodytes and P. t. schweinfurthii). Importantly, the Gulf of Guinea population is significantly different genetically from the others, sharing a last common ancestor with the populations in Upper Guinea ∼0.46 million years ago (mya) and equatorial Africa ∼0.32 mya. Equatorial chimpanzees are subdivided into up to three populations occupying southern Cameroon, central Africa, and eastern Africa, which may have constituted a single population until ∼0.10-0.11 mya. Finally, occasional hybridization may be occurring between the Gulf of Guinea and southern Cameroon populations.chimpanzees | phylogenetics | population biology | microsatellites R evealing the histories of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus) is of widespread and enduring interest due to their close relationship with humans. A recent proliferation of research shows that we are just beginning to unravel their complex histories (1), and even now, we still debate the number of species and subspecies belonging to the genus Pan. Most authorities agree that chimpanzees and bonobos should be classified as different species, with their ranges separated by the Congo River ( Fig. 1; ref. 2). Chimpanzees are frequently further divided into subspecies across tropical Africa (2, 3), but this classification is disputed (4). P. t. verus occupies the Upper Guinea region of western Africa (2, 3). The range of P. t. troglodytes extends through central Africa. P. t. schweinfurthii occupies eastern Africa (2, 3) and has been proposed to be split into two subspecies, P. t. schweinfurthii and P. t. marungensis, based on craniometric variation (5).The subspecies name P. t. ellioti (6), formerly P. t. vellerosus (7, 8), has been proposed for chimpanzees from the Gulf of Guinea region, which spans southern Nigeria and western Cameroon (9). However, relatively little is known about the genetic history of chimpanzees from this region, and some question their distinctiveness from adjacent populations (4). Ana...

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“…Recently, many dental studies based on image analysis of the occlusal morphology of fossil hominins (e.g., Bailey, 2004;Bailey and Lynch, 2005;Martinan-Torres et al, 2006;Gamez-Robles et al, 2007;Moggi-Cecchi and Boccone, 2007), non human extant primates (e.g., Bailey et al, 2004;Pilbrow, 2006;Hlusko et al, 2007), and recent modern human populations (e.g., Harris and Dinh, 2006;Perez et al, 2006;Bernal, 2007) have been published. Classical morphometric methods applied to image analyses (measurement of diameters and cusp areas) have demonstrated that African robust and non-robust groups differed in their P3 morphology (Wood and Uytterschaut,1987;Suwa et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometric morphometric analysis of the crown morphology of the lower first premolar of hominins, with special attention to Pleistocene Homo

Gómez‐Robles

Martinón‐Torres

Castro

et al. 2008

Journal of Human Evolution

106

109

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Population systematics of chimpanzees using molar morphometrics

Cited by 51 publications

References 42 publications

The type locality of Pan troglodytes vellerosus (Gray, 1862), and implications for the nomenclature of West African chimpanzees

The type locality of Pan troglodytes vellerosus (Gray, 1862), and implications for the nomenclature of West African chimpanzees

Evidence from Cameroon reveals differences in the genetic structure and histories of chimpanzee populations

Geometric morphometric analysis of the crown morphology of the lower first premolar of hominins, with special attention to Pleistocene Homo

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