Population Studies of Phytophagous Mites and Predators on Apple in Southwestern Quebec

Parent, B.

doi:10.4039/ent99771-7

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The genera Theridion, Araniella, and Philodromus appear to be the most abundantly represented in eastern North American orchards; all three were reported from orchards at Rougemont, Que. (LeRoux 1960;Parent 1967Parent , 1973.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 6-Year Study of Spiders (Araneae) in a Quebec Apple Orchard

Dondale¹,

Parent²,

Pitre³

1979

Can Entomol

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Forty-one species of spiders were found in a Quebec apple orchard. The most abundant species were Theridion murarium, Araniella displicata, and Philodromus rufus. Spiders in general were rather low in population density throughout the study, and they declined by two-thirds in the final year, owing probably to several factors including the use of broad spectrum insecticides for the control of particular orchard pests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 6-Year Study of Spiders (Araneae) in a Quebec Apple Orchard

Dondale¹,

Parent²,

Pitre³

1979

Can Entomol

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“…The species structure and relative abundance of spiders found in the current study are different from that of eastern North American apple orchards (LeRoux 1960, Parent 1967, Dondale et al 1979, McCaffrey and Horsburgh 1980. The most abundant genera in the current study were Metaphidippus, Spirembolus, and Cheiracanthium (which represent Ϸ50% of total spider species) as compared with Theridion, Araniella, and Philodromus found on apple orchards in the east- Insecticides were applied on 13 May, 3 June, 20 July, and 11 August.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Spider Fauna in Apple Ecosystem of Western Oregon and its Field Susceptibility to Chemical and Microbial Insecticides

Bajwa¹,

Aliniazee²

2001

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Twelve families, 26 genera, and 30 identifiable spider species were found in surveys conducted in apple orchards of western Oregon. The Salticidae, Linyphiidae, Clubionidae, Philodromidae, and Theridiidae comprised 85.56% ofthe total spiders collected. The most common species in order of abundance were Metaphidippus aeneolus Curtis, Spirembolus mundus Chamberlin & Ivie, Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz), Philodromus spectabilis Keyserling, Eris marginata (Walckenaer), and Theridion lawrencei Gertsch & Archer. Individuals of these species were collected in 50-60% of the samples and were most abundant in the month of August. The Bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticides, DiPel (100 Million International Units/100 liters) and MVP (250 ml/100 liters), summer oil (0.5-1.0 liter/100 liters), the insect growth regulator (IGR) diflubenzuron (3-12 g/100 liters), and organophosphate Phosmet (6-60 g/100 liters) were generally harmless (P > 0.05) to these spider species. Full field rates of organophosphate azinphosmethyl (25 g/100 liters) and carbamate carbaryl (60 g/100 liters) were slightly to moderately harmful (25-75% mortality). These insecticides at reduced rates (azinphosmethyl 2.5-5.0 g and carbaryl 12 g/100 liters) applied alone or in combination with DiPel and MVP, had a negligible effect. Full rates of pyrethroids esfenvalerate (2.5 g/100 liters) and permethrin (4.0 g/100 liters) were moderately to highly harmful (50-75% mortality) and their reduced rates (esfenvalerate 0.25-0.50 g and permethrin 0.4-0.8 g/100 liters) were selective to the spiders.

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“…As the sdectivitv of chemicals becomes better known, the destruction of certain species of predators may be avoided. Parent (1967) has reviewed the work on the influence of chemicals on p h p p h a g o u s mites and predators of pome fruit trees. This has been on the short-and long-term post-treatment effects of pesticides on different species in existing environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Spray Programs on the Fauna of Apple Orchards in Nova Scotia: Xx. Trends After Altering Levels of Phytophagous Mites or Predators

Sanford

Herbert

1970

Can Entomol

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Utilizing the knowledge of their direct effects, the materials ryania, carbaryl, and Animert V-101 applied to a uniformly distributed population of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), altered the populations in plots in an apple orchard. Trends after treatment in both host mite and predator populations were assessed. Supplementary applications of the acaricides Animert V-101 or dicofol directed against certain generations of P. ulmi controlled outbreaks and altered the faunal levels during the following season. Ryania was largely innocuous to most species of predators with the exception of Atractotomus mali (Meyer) and Diaphnocoris spp., carbaryl was detrimental to most predacious species, and Animert V-101, while selectively toxic to phytophagous mites, was innocuous to all predacious insects and Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten.Phytophagous mite populations may be altered to almost prescribed levels with pesticides when the predator populations are known. This allows selective chemicals to be used to complement the predator effect and maintain red mites below the threshold of damage.

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Population Studies of Phytophagous Mites and Predators on Apple in Southwestern Quebec

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

A 6-Year Study of Spiders (Araneae) in a Quebec Apple Orchard

A 6-Year Study of Spiders (Araneae) in a Quebec Apple Orchard

Spider Fauna in Apple Ecosystem of Western Oregon and its Field Susceptibility to Chemical and Microbial Insecticides

The Influence of Spray Programs on the Fauna of Apple Orchards in Nova Scotia: Xx. Trends After Altering Levels of Phytophagous Mites or Predators

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