Population identification and divergence threshold in Psoroptidae based on ribosomal ITS2 and mitochondrial COI genes

Abstract

Psoroptidae mites are a type of small mites with a wide range of hosts. The proliferation of Psoroptidae mites could cause symptoms such as severe itching, atopic dermatitis, and hair loss in infected animals. If severely infected, death can also occur. The morphological classification and identification of Psoroptidae mites is problematic due to the overlapping geographical distribution. In addition, there is no divergence threshold for molecular classification and identification. To solve this problem, gDNA was extracted from individual Psoroptes and Otodectes mites (China) for amplification of rDNA ITS2 and mtDNA COI. After that, the sequences obtained were aligned and analyzed with those retrieved from GenBank. Based on rDNA ITS2 sequences, Psoroptidae was divided into three genera, namely, Psoroptes, Chorioptes, and Otodectes, which was in accordance with morphological classification. The intraspecies, interspecies, and intergenera could be differentiated effectively, with thresholds ≤ 5.20, 6.18-14.86, and ≥15.72 %, respectively. However, based on mtDNA COI sequences, Psoroptidae was divided into four genera with Caparinia added, as Caparinia sp did not cluster with the other three genera. The intra- and interspecies could be differentiated effectively, but interspecies and intergenera could not. The intra- and interspecies identification thresholds were ≤ 2.12 and ≥10.93 %. Further analysis showed that host but not geographical isolation was found in Psoroptes and Chorioptes, whereas Otodectes mites parasitizing dogs and cats were the same species; neither host nor geographical isolation was observed. In conclusion, rDNA ITS2 is better than mtDNA COI for DNA barcoding in Psoroptidae.

The Common Occurrence of Theileria ovis in Tibetan Sheep and the First Report of Theileria sinensis in Yaks from Southern Qinghai, China

“…Replicated sequences were removed and a total of 18 sequences were submitted to NCBI database (GenBank accession numbers: MW020108-MW020109 for T. sinensis and MW020223-MW020238 for T. ovis). The obtained 18S rRNA gene sequences in this study were aligned and analyzed with those retrieved from GenBank using ClustalW, the Muscle program in MEGA 7, and BLASTn tool of NCBI GenBank database [28][29][30]. Phylogenetic analyses were inferred by the Neighbor-Joining method based on Kimura-2 parameter model with 1000 bootstrap replicates using MEGA 7 [31][32][33][34].…”

Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo

“…These results were markedly different with our results, as Ma et al [37] and Shang et al [36] reported much lower effective concentrations for carvacrol and/or eugenol than in the present study. Considering that P. cuniculi and P. ovis are the same species [47], this inconsistency could be attributed to differences in the experimental design, such as the use of filter paper versus immersion and the use of different solvents. For instance, during the incubation of mites on filter paper in the study of Shang [36], the solvent (mainly water) could have evaporated, resulting in increasing concentrations of the active compound and a higher efficacy.…”

Identification of Glycycometus malaysiensis (for the first time in Brazil), Blomia tropicalis and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus through multiplex PCR

“…Due to these drawbacks, molecular techniques based on ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and cytochrome oxydase subunit 1 ( coxI ) have been used as important tools on mite identification and phylogenetic analysis (Lava Kumar et al 1999 ; Navajas and Fenton 2000 ; Vargas et al 2005 ; Ben-David et al 2007 ; De Rojas et al 2007 ; Osakabe et al 2008 ; Wong et al 2011 ; Yang et al 2011 ; Matsuda et al 2012 ; Thet-Em et al 2012 ; Arimoto et al 2013 ; Roussel et al 2013 ; Stephenson et al 2013 ; Navia et al 2014 ; Beroiz et al 2014 ; Khaing et al 2014 ; Lv et al 2014 ; Juan et al 2015 ; Li et al 2015 ; Stalažs and Moročko-Bičevska 2016 ; Peltier et al 2018 ; Syromyatnikov et al 2018 ; Zélé et al 2018 ; Zhou et al 2020 ; Gómez-Martínez et al 2020 ; Oliveira et al 2021 ; Zhang et al 2021 ).…”