Population Health of Children, Risks to Health and Sanitary and Epidemiological Wellbeing of Students: Problems, Ways of Solution and Technology of the Activity

Abstract

Results of the analytical development of data of the official statistical reporting on morbidity on negotiability of children and teenagers of the city of Moscow during 2005-2013 have shown the preservation of steady negative trends in the rise of the general morbidity, incidences of respiratory and school-related diseases, including diseases of musculoskeletal system, myopia etc. According to the longitudinal study of the state of health and physical development of the Moscow school pupils from 1 to 11 classes (2005-2015) the gain of the prevalence rate of functional disorders and chronic diseases in the course of school ontogenesis has been shown. The leading violations of students’ health with a tendency to increase in the prevalence rate are: functional violations of the musculoskeletal system, blood circulatory system, organ of vision, neuro-psychiatric disorders, as well as chronic diseases of musculoskeletal system, digestive and vision organs. In all age and sex groups of schoolchildren there is a reliable increase in body length and weight, chest circumference, acceleration of biological maturation in comparison with peers of the last decades. Indices of the muscular force of the right hand in modern schoolchildren have decreased in comparison with the supervision of 1960s and 1980s. The necessary condition of health preservation of children and teenagers is the providing safe and optimum conditions of education, training and life activity. The assessment of the efficiency of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance of training conditions of children and teenagers has shown an insufficient informational content of the assessment of a sanitary state of educational organizations on groups of sanitary and epidemiologic wellbeing (SEW). Institutions with the reduced SEW level (2 groups) were proved to have a significantly higher risk of formation of diseases, including school caused diseases. It has been developed a modern classification of the assessment of conditions and modes of training of children at the school characterizing the risk degree to health of students of training conditions (optimum, admissible, potentially dangerous and dangerous). In addition new standard and methodical documents on carrying out sanitary-epidemiological expertise for the provision of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of students in secondary schools have been developed and proved.

The main trends in morpho-functional development of Kazakh schoolchildren

“…Возрастные группы обследуемых формировали по принятому в отечественной антропологии принципу: к 7-летним детям относились дети в возрасте от 6 лет 6 месяцев до 7 лет 5 месяцев 29 дней и т. д. 4 Общепринятыми методами определяли основные антропометрические показатели физического развития: длину тела (ДТ), массу тела (МТ), окружность грудной клетки (ОГК) 5 . Для оценки гармоничности физического развития рассчитывался индекс Кетле (ИК=МТ, кг/ДТ, м 2 ) 6 .…”

Basic trends in behavioral health risks

“…Health of coming generations still tends to deteriorate and requires immediate attention given to it by the overall society [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Prevalence and Evaluation of the Use of Electronic Devices in Teaching and Leisure Activities of Pupils 7-8 Classes

“…surveys of students conducted during selective scientific research, the leading place in the structure of functional disorders, the first ranking places are occupied by disorders of the cardiovascular system (mainly vegetative-vascular disorders); musculoskeletal system (posture disorders, flattening of the feet, chest deformities); visual disorders (myopia of a weak degree); disorders of the nervous system and the mental sphere (asthenic and neurotic reactions); disorders of the digestive system (functional disorders of the stomach and intestines, biliary dyskinesia); deviations in physical development (excess and deficit of body weight) [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”