Population genetic structure and conservation of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus)

Friesen, Vicki L.; Birt, Tim P.; Piatt, John F.; Golightly, Richard T.; Newman, Scott H.; Hébert, Percy N.; Congdon, Bradley C.; Gissing, G.

doi:10.1007/s10592-005-9012-x

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The alignment of the mitochondrial control region sequences of A. alle produced 537 sites covering Domain I and CSB regions, 13 of which were variable. Although nuclear copies of mitochondrial genes have been reported in other seabirds, little auk sequences did not differ from models expected for true mtDNA (Baker and Marshall 1997;Friesen et al 2005). The observed pattern of sequence evolution corresponded to higher variation in the region of Domain I and to slower rate of substitution in conserved sequence blocks (CSBs; Baker and Marshall 1997).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In particular, little or no genetic differentiation between populations has been reported for other alcids inhabiting the Arctic, e.g., Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica, Moen 1991), Atlantic subspecies of Brünnich's guillemot (Birt-Friesen et al 1992;Morris-Pocock et al 2008), common guillemot (Moum et al 1991; 1996; Moum and Arnason 2001;Riffaut et al 2005), and marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus, Congdon et al 2000;Friesen et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weak population genetic differentiation in the most numerous Arctic seabird, the little auk

et al. 2014

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Quantifying patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation among populations of Arctic birds is fundamental for understanding past and ongoing population processes in the Arctic. However, the genetic differentiation of many important Arctic species remains uninvestigated. Here, phylogeography and population genetics were examined in the worldwide population of a small seabird, the little auk (dovekie, Alle alle)-the most numerous avian species of the Arctic ecosystem. Blood samples or feathers were collected from 328 little auks (325 from the nominate subspecies and 3 from the A. a. polaris) in nine main breeding aggregations in the northern Atlantic and one location from the Pacific Ocean. The mtDNA haplotypes of the two subspecies were not segregated into separate groups. Also, no genetic structure was found within the nominate race based on microsatellite markers. The level of genetic differentiation among populations was low yet significant (mean F ST = 0.005). Some pairwise F ST comparisons revealed significant differences, including those involving the most distant Pacific colony as well as among some Atlantic populations. Weak population differentiation following the model of isolation by distance in the little auk is similar to the patterns reported in other highArctic bird species, indicating that a lack of distinct genetic structure is a common phenomenon in the Arctic avifauna.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weak population genetic differentiation in the most numerous Arctic seabird, the little auk

et al. 2014

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“…This region represents the most probable source of migrants based on proximity, but now only contains about 135 murrelets based on at-sea surveys (Falxa et al 2008). The existing gap in nesting habitat in this region could also reduce gene flow from populations farther to the north if, historically, migration occurred according to an isolation-by-distance model (Friesen et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analyses of historic and modern marbled murrelets suggest decoupling of migration and gene flow after habitat fragmentation

et al. 2009

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The dispersal of individuals among fragmented populations is generally thought to prevent genetic and demographic isolation, and ultimately reduce extinction risk. In this study, we show that a century of reduction in coastal old-growth forests, as well as a number of other environmental factors, has probably resulted in the genetic divergence of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in central California, despite the fact that 7 per cent of modern-sampled murrelets in this population were classified as migrants using genetic assignment tests. Genetic differentiation appears to persist because individuals dispersing from northern populations contributed relatively few young to the central California population, as indicated by the fact that migrants were much less likely to be members of parent-offspring pairs than residents (10.5% versus 45.4%). Moreover, a recent 1.4 per cent annual increase in the proportion of migrants in central California, without appreciable reproduction, may have masked an underlying decline in the resident population without resulting in demographic rescue. Our results emphasize the need to understand the behaviour of migrants and the extent to which they contribute offspring in order to determine whether dispersal results in gene flow and prevents declines in resident populations.

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“…Reports on potential problems encountered during the selection of molecular markers are also im- 686 Faria et al portant to improve general understanding of their dynamics in different groups. For future studies involving population genetics of terns, the utilization of other kinds of molecular markers that have proved to be suitable to conduct genetic studies in other species of birds might be considered, such as nuclear introns (Congdon et al, 2000;Pacheco et al, 2002;Friesen et al, 2005;Whittier et al, 2006), SNPs (Saetre et al, 2001;Bensch et al, 2002) and AFLP (Wang et al, 2003;Boulet et al, 2005;Helbig et al, 2005).…”

Section: Abbreviations: Sh (S Hirundinacea) Tm (T Maximus) Sf (Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and prospects of population genetic studies in terns (Charadriiformes, Aves)

et al. 2007

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Little information is available about the population structure of communally nesting terns (Sternidae) and skimmers (Rynchopidae) throughout the world. In order to fill this gap, a survey of molecular markers was carried out for six species of terns (Anous stolidus, Sterna hirundinacea, S. fuscata, S. superciliaris, Thalasseus maximus and Phaetusa simplex) and one species of skimmer (Rynchops niger). First, we describe the results of the construction of genomic DNA libraries and document problems encountered during this procedure. Secondly, we tested the cross-amplification of 18 microsatellite loci previously described for related species (the number of polymorphic loci ranged from three to seven). Thirdly, we tested the usefulness of mtDNA (control region, ND2, Cytochrome b and ATPase 6/8) for phylogeographic studies in this group of birds. The occurrence of nuclear copies of the mitochondrial control region is reported. Nucleotide divergence in the mtDNA genes analyzed ranged from 0.0 to 0.006. Despite the difficulties associated with the selection of variable markers in this group of seabirds, we were able to select polymorphic markers for each species tested and we anticipate these results will help the development of genetic studies concerning important biological questions in terns.

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Population genetic structure and conservation of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus)

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Weak population genetic differentiation in the most numerous Arctic seabird, the little auk

Weak population genetic differentiation in the most numerous Arctic seabird, the little auk

Genetic analyses of historic and modern marbled murrelets suggest decoupling of migration and gene flow after habitat fragmentation

Challenges and prospects of population genetic studies in terns (Charadriiformes, Aves)

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