Population dynamics and intraspecific interactions of an ectosymbiotic midge in a river in southern Maine, USA

Pennuto, Christopher M.

doi:10.2307/1467996

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Larvae of the following chironomid species other than N. asiaticus are known to have a ectosymbiotic association with megalopteran larvae: N. downesi (Hilsenhoff 1968;Benedict & Fisher 1972;Furnish et al 1981;Tracy & Hazelwood 1983;Bottorff & Knight 1987), Nanocladius sp. (Pennuto 1998(Pennuto , 2003Pennuto et al 2002), Nanocladius rectinervis (Kieffer) (Gotceitas & Mackay 1980) and Tempisquitoneura merrillorum Epler (de la Rosa 1992;Epler & de la Rosa 1995). Attachment sites of these chironomids on megalopteran larvae are chiefly in the thoracic region, particularly the ventral side of the mesothorax, as observed in this study (Hilsenhoff 1968;Benedict & Fisher 1972;Gotceitas & Mackay 1980).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…1981; Tracy & Hazelwood 1983; Bottorff & Knight 1987), Nanocladius sp. (Pennuto 1998, 2003; Pennuto et al . 2002), Nanocladius rectinervis (Kieffer) (Gotceitas & Mackay 1980) and Tempisquitoneura merrillorum Epler (de la Rosa 1992; Epler & de la Rosa 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ectosymbiotic chironomid larvae are found on the abdominal segments as well as on the thorax of megalopteran hosts in some species (Furnish et al . 1981; Tracy & Hazelwood 1983; de la Rosa 1992; Pennuto 1998, 2003; Pennuto et al . 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suitable attachment sites on aquatic insect hosts may be limited for larvae of the ectosymbiotic chironomids Nanocladius downesi (Steffan) and Nanocladius sp., because the attachment sites of individuals shift to less favorable sites when two or more individuals co-occur (Bottorff & Knight 1987;Pennuto 1998Pennuto , 2003Pennuto et al 2002). Larvae of the chironomid Nanocladius asiaticus Hayashi attach to megalopteran larvae, and feed on algae and detrital materials caught on the chironomid's silken nets and on the body of the host (Hayashi 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density dependent shifts in attachment site by the ectosymbiotic chironomid Nanocladius asiaticus on its megalopteran host Protohermes grandis

Hayashi

Ichiyanagi

2005

Entomological Science

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Intraspecific interactions among ectosymbionts may occur when suitable attachment sites are limited to specific parts of their hosts. In this study, we examined attachment site selection by the ectosymbiotic chironomid Nanocladius (Plecopteracoluthus) asiaticus. Larvae and pupae of this chironomid attach to larvae of the megalopteran Protohermes grandis: they feed on algae and detrital materials caught on the chironomid's silken nets and on the body surface of the host. Sampling at approximately monthly intervals in central Japan revealed that the proportion of hosts with chironomids was relatively high and stable during the 2 year study period. When attached singly, larvae were usually found on the ventral side of the host's mesothorax. However, when two or more larvae were attached to a host, the mesothorax was occupied by only one larva (usually a large individual) and the other(s) were attached to the ventral side of the abdomen. Density dependent shifts in attachment sites were confirmed by a reattachment experiment in which a larva was removed from its host and released onto a new host with or without symbiosis by another individual. All of the larvae released singly on a host devoid of symbionts attached to the thoracic region and survived, whereas those released in pairs and not occupying this site were frequently lost. Thus, the thorax (particularly the mesothorax) is the most suitable attachment site, and there is a possibility that chironomid larvae compete for this site.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Density dependent shifts in attachment site by the ectosymbiotic chironomid Nanocladius asiaticus on its megalopteran host Protohermes grandis

Hayashi

Ichiyanagi

2005

Entomological Science

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The ecology of littoral zone Chironomidae in four artificial, urban, tropical Malaysian lakes

2018

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Living on a catfish: nested occupation of ectosymbiotic chironomids on host body

Dala‐Corte

Melo

2018

Can. J. Zool.

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Symbiotic species often have preferential attachment sites on their host body and thus some sites may only be occupied if the supposed best sites are already occupied. Alternatively, colonization may be similar in all sites, but removal may differ among them. Both mechanisms might generate a nested pattern. Moreover, the host size can alter the quality of the site for symbiotic occupation; for instance, by increasing the area and anchorage structures or reducing removal. We predicted that the spatial distribution of the ectosymbiotic chironomid Ichthyocladius lilianae Mendes, Andersen and Sæther, 2004 on their host, the armored catfish Pareiorhaphis hypselurus (Pereira and Reis, 2002), would present a nested pattern with regards to body-part preference and variation according to host size. We found that (i) suboptimal sites on the host body were usually only occupied by a symbiont when the optimal sites were already occupied and (ii) sites occupied by larvae on small host body surface were a subset of the sites occupied on large hosts. Our results indicate a nested distribution, yet the mechanisms generating this pattern are unclear. One possibility is that symbionts have preferential sites for attachment on the host body surface and compete for these sites. As an alternative, symbionts may present no preference and colonize equally all sites, but they remain attached to sites that offer better resources or protection from removal.

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Population dynamics and intraspecific interactions of an ectosymbiotic midge in a river in southern Maine, USA

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Density dependent shifts in attachment site by the ectosymbiotic chironomid Nanocladius asiaticus on its megalopteran host Protohermes grandis

Density dependent shifts in attachment site by the ectosymbiotic chironomid Nanocladius asiaticus on its megalopteran host Protohermes grandis

The ecology of littoral zone Chironomidae in four artificial, urban, tropical Malaysian lakes

Living on a catfish: nested occupation of ectosymbiotic chironomids on host body

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