Population distribution and burden of acute gastrointestinal illness in British Columbia, Canada

Thomas, M. Kate; Majowicz, Shannon E.; MacDougall, Laura; Sockett, Paul; Kovacs, Suzie J.; Fyfe, Murray; Edge, Victoria L.; Doré, Kathryn; Flint, James; Henson, Spencer; Jones, Andria Q.

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-307

Cited by 63 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…19 The average duration of acute gastrointestinal disorder was 3.7 days, or 19.2 million days annually. 19 Another Canadian study showed substantial under-reporting of the illness; for every instance of enteric illness reported in Ontario, the estimated number of patients in the community ranged from 105 to 1389.…”

Section: Water-borne Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 In addition, the burden of acute gastrointestinal illness is significant in Canada. 19,20 A study in British Columbia showed a rate of 1.3 episodes per person-year (95% CI 1.1-1.4), with an average annual probability of illness developing of 71.6% (95% CI 68.0-74.8). 19 The average duration of acute gastrointestinal disorder was 3.7 days, or 19.2 million days annually.…”

Section: Water-borne Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 A study in British Columbia showed a rate of 1.3 episodes per person-year (95% CI 1.1-1.4), with an average annual probability of illness developing of 71.6% (95% CI 68.0-74.8). 19 The average duration of acute gastrointestinal disorder was 3.7 days, or 19.2 million days annually. 19 Another Canadian study showed substantial under-reporting of the illness; for every instance of enteric illness reported in Ontario, the estimated number of patients in the community ranged from 105 to 1389.…”

Section: Water-borne Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Private drinking water supplies: challenges for public health

Charrois¹

2010

Canadian Medical Association Journal

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Section: Water-borne Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water-borne Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water-borne Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Private drinking water supplies: challenges for public health

Charrois¹

2010

Canadian Medical Association Journal

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“…laboratory confirmed but not reported to local/provincial/territorial public health and national surveillance systems) and underdiagnosis (i.e. those who do not seek medical care, sample is not submitted, tested or found positive for causative pathogen) based on data from Canadian National Studies on Acute Gastrointestinal Illness (NSAGI) population, laboratory and public health reporting surveys [38][39][40][41][42]. An alternative approach was used for estimating VTEC non-O157 cases, which is not routinely identified and reported in Canada.…”

Section: Estimating Total Illnesses Hospitalizations and Deathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of the burden of illness for eight enteric pathogens associated with animal contact in Canada

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYEnteric pathogens are commonly known to be transmitted through food or water; however, contact with animals is another important transmission route. This study estimated the annual burden of illness attributable to animal contact for eight enteric pathogens in Canada. Using data from a Canadian expert elicitation on transmission routes, the proportion of enteric illnesses attributable to animal contact was estimated for each pathogen to estimate the annual number of illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths in Canada. For each estimate, a mean and probability intervals were generated. Of all illnesses caused by these eight pathogens, 16% were estimated attributable to animal contact. This estimate translates to 86 000 (31 000-166 000) illnesses, 488 (186-890) hospitalizations and 12 (2-28) deaths annually for the eight pathogens combined. Campylobacter spp. is the leading cause of illnesses annually, with an estimated 38 000 (14 000-71 000) illnesses occurring each year, followed by non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (17 000, 6000-32 000). The majority of hospitalizations were attributable to non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (36%) and Campylobacter spp. (31%). Non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (28%) and Listeria monocytogenes (31%) were responsible for the majority of the estimated deaths. These results identify farm animal and pet/pet food exposure as key pathways of transmission for several pathogens. The estimated burden of illness associated with animal contact is substantial.

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“…GI illness is a global public health concern and in the developed world it is usually self-limiting but has a considerable economic burden. [16][17][18] In the developing world GI infections, particularly diarrheal disease, are still the third most common cause of death in children under 5 years of age. 19 An example of such a disease is Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi infection (typhoid fever), which results in more than 2 million infections a year leading to approximately 200,000 deaths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signature tagged mutagenesis in the functional genetic analysis of gastrointestinal pathogens

Cummins

Gahan

2012

Gut Microbes

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Signature tagged mutagenesis is a genetic approach that was developed to identify novel bacterial virulence factors. It is a negative selection method in which unique identification tags allow analysis of pools of mutants in mixed populations. The approach is particularly well suited to functional genetic analysis of the gastrointestinal phase of infection in foodborne pathogens and has the capacity to guide the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics. In this review we outline the technical principles underpinning signature-tagged mutagenesis as well as novel sequencing-based approaches for transposon mutant identification such as TraDIS (transposon directed insertion-site sequencing). We also provide an analysis of screens that have been performed in gastrointestinal pathogens which are a global health concern (Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Helicobacter pylori, Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella enterica). The identification of key virulence loci through the use of signature tagged mutagenesis in mice and relevant larger animal models is discussed.

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Population distribution and burden of acute gastrointestinal illness in British Columbia, Canada

Abstract: Background: In developed countries, gastrointestinal illness (GI) is typically mild and self-limiting, however, it has considerable economic impact due to high morbidity.

Cited by 63 publications

References 22 publications

Private drinking water supplies: challenges for public health

Private drinking water supplies: challenges for public health

Estimates of the burden of illness for eight enteric pathogens associated with animal contact in Canada

Signature tagged mutagenesis in the functional genetic analysis of gastrointestinal pathogens

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