Population Density and Nitrogen Fertility Effects on Tomato Growth and Yield

Wahle, Elizabeth A.; Masiunas, John B.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.38.3.367

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…L *** NS,*,**,*** Nonsignifi cant or signifi cant at P ≤ 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001, respectively; signifi cant effects were linear (L). Masiunas, 2003). The lowest leaf N concentration coincided with the fruit growth (9 WAP) perhaps indicating that N was remobilized for fruit development, as it was reported in some other crops (Perica, 2001;Whale and Masiunas, 2003).…”

Section: Nsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…During the growing season leaf N concentration had tendency to decrease, with the lowest leaf N concentration (P ≤ 0.05) measured 9 WAP at both locations ( Table 2). The reduction in N concentration as the crop progress has been already noted (Elmstrom et al, 1981;Locascio et al, 1997;Whale and Q * L ** Q ** NS,*,**,*** Nonsignifi cant or signifi cant at P ≤ 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001, respectively; signifi cant effects were linear (L) or quadratic (Q).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Growth and Yield of Watermelon on Polyethylene Mulch with Different Spacings and Nitrogen Rates

Goreta¹,

Perica²,

Dumičić³

et al. 2005

HortSci

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Suggested watermelon planting densities and N rates vary on a large scale, indicating that there is insufficient knowledge about their effects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N rate and planting density on growth, yield and quality of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai] grown on black polyethylene mulch. The field experiments with `Crimson Sweet' watermelon were conducted in two climatologically different growing regions. The treatments were factorial combinations of three in-row plant spacings (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 m) and three N rates (115, 195, and 275 kg·ha-1). Part of the N (35 kg·ha-1) was applied preplant and the remainder was fertigated. Vine length increased linearly up to 7 weeks after planting (WAP) as N rate increased from 115 to 275 kg·ha-1, and up to 9 WAP as plant spacing increased from 0.5 to 1.5 m. Total and marketable yields per ha or per plant did not increase with N rates above 115 kg·ha-1. Average fruit weight and fruit size distribution were generally unaffected by N rate. Leaf N concentration increased as N rate increased, although leaf N concentrations at the lowest N rate (115 kg·ha-1) even at 9 WAP were relatively high (43.3 to 47.3 g·kg-1). Total and marketable yields per ha were linearly decreased with an increase in plant spacing from 0.5 to 1.5 m, and the same was noticed with the total and marketable number of fruit per ha. With increased plant spacing average fruit weight increased and fruit size distribution shifted to larger categories.

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Section: Nsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Growth and Yield of Watermelon on Polyethylene Mulch with Different Spacings and Nitrogen Rates

Goreta¹,

Perica²,

Dumičić³

et al. 2005

HortSci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in most fertilizer N practices in California, a single application of N on tomato crops is still used, and the applied N rates are often higher than the local fertilizer recommendations. When fertilizer N rate is decreased in order to reduce N loss to the environment, tomato growth is subsequently reduced (Wahle and Masiunas 2003). In theory, fertilizer N efficiency could be improved by using a slow-release N fertilizer, which synchronizes the N availability with the plant N requirement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylene urea as a slow-release nitrogen source for processing tomatoes

Koivunen

Horwáth

2005

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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The potential for improved fertilizer N use efficiency was tested using a slow release N fertilizer, methylene urea (MU), on processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in a 2-year field study in the Sacramento Valley, California. Fertilizer N use efficiency of urea and a (50:50, w:w) mixture of urea and MU (uMU) was determined in direct-seeded and transplanted tomato plots with winter cover crop (CC) or winter fallow (F) using 15 N labeled fertilizers. Residual MU-N was estimated from tomato N uptake in the 15 N microplots, and from residual 15 N uptake of wheat grown after two tomato crops. No significant differences were found in the quantity and quality of tomato yields among fertilizer and management treatments during the first year. Total yields in transplanted FuMU plots were significantly lower in the second test year, suggesting slow mineralization of MU-N in the F treatment. On average, about 40% of added fertilizer N was taken up in both fertilizer treatments, and the recovery of 15 N in plant biomass and soil was 75-96 and 50-74% in seeded and transplanted blocks, respectively. In the laboratory, mineralization of MU started faster in soils with past MU use, but the enhanced mineralization did not affect the plant N uptake in the field. MU is potentially an environmentally attractive fertilizer, but without an immediate increase in yield and N use efficiency compared to conventional fertilizers, its use on row crops may not be economically feasible unless the positive environmental factors like decreased leaching of N are considered.

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“…The current provincial N recommendation rates for processing tomato without irrigation is 160 to 180 kg ha"' (Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, 2002). Recent studies suggested that present tomato production systems might require both high levels of N and irrigation for optimum growth (Wähle and Masiunas, 2003). In Southwestern Ontario, the increasing incidences of drought and high temperature have had serious negative effects on crop yield (Tan and Reynolds, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing Tomato Nitrogen Utilization and Soil Residual Nitrogen as Influenced by Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions with Drip‐Fertigation

Zhang

Liu

Tan

et al. 2011

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Titnely sufficient water supply through drip irrigation or fertigation may increase nutrient demand of processing tomato {Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) due to increases in yield production. However, excessive nutrient application could result in crop Itixury uptake and enrichment in soil profile, especially mineral N, with the latter potentially causing environmental concerns. A study was conducted to determine the responses of crop N utilization and post-harvest soil profile mineral N to fertilizer N and P additions under drip fertigated processing tomato in sandy loam soils from 2003 to 2005. Across the 3 yr, both fruit N removal and plant total N uptake were either linearly or quadratically related to fertilizer N rate, with 187 kg N ha" ' of fruit removal and 268 kg N ha" ' of plant total N uptake obtained at the maximum yield. Nitrogen uptake efficiency and apparent N recovery decreased linearly with increases in N rate. At the maximum fruit yield, N uptake efficiency was 0.71, and apparent N recovery was 51.7%. Post-harvest soil profile (0-100 cm) mineral N increased with increases in fertilizer N rate, and at greater rates with fertilizer N appHed at rates above those required for maximum fruit yield production. Of the soil residual N, 62% remained in the top 40-cm soil layer. Addition of fertilizer P had no effects on plant N uptake, N uptake efficiency and post-harvest mineral N in soil profile, presumably due to the high levels of soil test P. Beneficial management practices need to be developed to prevent soil N losses during the non-growing season following production of processing tomato with drip fertigation.

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Population Density and Nitrogen Fertility Effects on Tomato Growth and Yield

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Growth and Yield of Watermelon on Polyethylene Mulch with Different Spacings and Nitrogen Rates

Growth and Yield of Watermelon on Polyethylene Mulch with Different Spacings and Nitrogen Rates

Methylene urea as a slow-release nitrogen source for processing tomatoes

Processing Tomato Nitrogen Utilization and Soil Residual Nitrogen as Influenced by Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions with Drip‐Fertigation

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