Population Biology of Fungal Plant Pathogens

Atallah, Zahi K.; Subbarao, Krishna V.

doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-501-5_20

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Horizontal 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 15 exchange of genetic material that leads to the identification of lineage specific pathogenicity chromosomes was reported between F. oxysporum strains, converting a non-pathogenic strain into a pathogen . Reproduction is an important factor shaping the evolutionary history of fungal pathogens (Atallah & Subbarao, 2012;. Not only Foc strains are genetically distant but they exhibit two strategies to transmit genes to the next generation: clonality and recombination .…”

Section: Evolution and Distribution Of Fusarium Oxysporum Fsp Cubensementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, there is evidence for recombination in Foc that is though to be driven by parasexuality, i.e. recombinant genomes result from nuclear exchange between otherwise asexual parents (Atallah & Subbarao, 2012). Foc isolates related to the VCG0124/5/8/20 complex showed evidence of parasexual recombination, suggesting that genetic exchange may have occurred and generated diversity among these isolates .…”

Section: Evolution and Distribution Of Fusarium Oxysporum Fsp Cubensementioning

confidence: 99%

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A global genetic diversity analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense : the Panama disease pathogen of banana

Ordóñez

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Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 7 Chapter 2 Worse comes to worst: Bananas and Panama diseasewhen 23 plant and pathogen clones meet Chapter 3 A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification assay based on 34 unique markers derived from genotyping by sequencing data for rapid in-plant diagnosis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 in banana Chapter 4 The phylogeography of the banana Fusarium wilt pathogen 55 Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Chapter 5 Unveiling the pathogenicity of the widest array of genetically 95 diverse Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense isolates on 'Gros Michel' and 'Grand Naine' banana cultivars Chapter 6 General discussion 113 Summaries 132 8 Chapter 1 Introduction 8 BANANAS: IMPORTANCE, ORIGIN AND FUNGAL DISEASES Bananas are an essential staple food for developing countries, particularly in Africa where the consumption of banana is higher than in Asia and Latin America, and generates substantial economic income for small and large producers (Frison & Sharrock, 1998). As staple food with a high carbohydrate content (Pareek, 2016), bananas are an important calorie source in the diet of over 500 million inhabitants in banana producing countries (Aurore et al., 2009). Bananas are not only eaten raw as dessert or sweet bananas, but also cooked such as plantains and cooking bananas. Additionally, they are used as raw materials in diverse regional products, for instance in beer, juice or flour production (Aurore et al., 2009; Ekesa et al., 2012). Equally important, bananas are a cash crop for small farmers that serve domestic markets and for banana producing countries exporting to international markets. Nearly 85% of the total production of bananas is designated to local markets and only 15% enters international markets (FAOSTAT, 2013). In 2014, world banana production reached 78.8 million tonnes, with India contributing with 38% of produced bananas (FruitTrop, 2017). In descending order, India, Uganda, China, The Philippines, Ecuador and Brazil are globally the largest banana producing countries (Fig. 1). Importantly, East Africa is the largest bananaproducing and consuming region in Africa, with Uganda having the highest consumption of bananas that may exceed 1.6 kilograms per capita per day (Thornton & Cramer, 2012). Notably, the export trade of bananas is particularly important for The Philippines and several exporting countries in

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Section: Evolution and Distribution Of Fusarium Oxysporum Fsp Cubensementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution and Distribution Of Fusarium Oxysporum Fsp Cubensementioning

confidence: 99%

A global genetic diversity analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense : the Panama disease pathogen of banana

Ordóñez

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“…To this end, molecular markers offer the great advantage of allowing a direct assessment of genetic diversity, which is by definition independent of environmental effects (Ollivier et al, 2000). Molecular markers, including simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or microsatellites, have become favored markers in population genetics due to their genomewide dispersion, high polymorphism and other advantageous characteristics (Atallah and Subbarao, 2011;Mtileni et al, 2012;Mahammi, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population structure of indigenous guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) in Benin using simple sequence repeat markers

et al. 2023

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Abstract. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 12 guinea fowl phenotypes from three climatic zones (Guinean, Sudano-Guinean and Sudanian) of Benin. A total of 96 adult guinea fowl, aged at least 6 months, were selected for blood sampling. Fragment analysis was carried out using 17 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The informative marker combinations revealed a total of 83 alleles across all loci, with an average of 5 alleles per locus and a mean polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.793. This study showed an observed heterozygosity of 0.492. The inbreeding coefficient values ranged from −0.086 in white phenotype to 0.226 in cinnamon, showing a deficit of heterozygotes, suggesting a moderate inbreeding level. A relatively low population differentiation was observed, with a mean fixation index (Fst) value of 0.033. The short genetic distances between phenotypes, unlike the strong genetic identities, revealed high genetic proximity between the 12 phenotypes of indigenous guinea fowl in Benin. These data indicate the existence of a single indigenous guinea fowl population with high intra-population genetic diversity with respect to climatic zones or phenotypes. This study will help in the selection of parental breeding stock for genetic improvement programs, as well as in the conservation for biodiversity maintenance and sustainable use of the indigenous guinea fowl in the study zones in Benin.

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