Population Based National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey among Adults (&gt;15 Years) in Pakistan, 2010–2011

Qadeer, Ejaz; Fatima, Razia; Yaqoob, Aashifa; Tahseen, Sabira; Haq, Mahboob Ul; Ghafoor, Abdul; Asif, Muhammad; Straetemans, Masja; Tiemersma, Edine

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148293

Cited by 70 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1,14,15 In 2015, 63% of estimated incident TB cases were notified, 81% with PTB and 51% bacteriologically confirmed; only 18% of estimated DR-TB cases were enrolled on treatment. 1 In Pakistan, direct smear microscopy is the frontline test for PTB diagnosis, offered through a quality-assured network of more than 1400 microscopy laboratories.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric specimens for diagnosing tuberculosis in adults unable to expectorate in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Aslam¹,

Tahseen²,

Schomotzer

et al. 2017

public health action

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric specimens for diagnosing tuberculosis in adults unable to expectorate in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Aslam¹,

Tahseen²,

Schomotzer

et al. 2017

public health action

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“…Un participante es elegible para baciloscopia si la radiografía de tórax muestra alguna anormalidad, o si el cuestionario de síntomas identifica síntomas sugestivos de TB (9) . El tamizaje basado en síntomas ha sido adoptado en la mayoría de las recientes encuestas nacionales de TB (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) ; sin embargo, la definición de síntomas varía según la encuesta. Algunos países con limitado recursos para realizar encuestas nacionales adoptan solo el tamizaje de síntomas, en estas situaciones, la prevalencia estimada de TB podría ser subestimada (9) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Estudios poblacionales transversales de TB realizados en ≥15 años muestran mayores prevalencias de SR; por ejemplo, usando como definición de SR la presencia de tos por dos o más semanas, se encontró una prevalencia de 4,8% en Pakistán (2010-2011) (14) y 6,5% en Tanzania (2012-2013) (16) . Usando como definición tos por dos semanas o más y/o hemoptisis en el último mes, resultaron elegibles para examen de esputo el 4,9% en Laos (2010-2011) (10) , y 5,12% en Camboya (2011) (13) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Respecto a la asociación entre la prevalencia de SR con la edad, también ha sido reportada en Pakistán (14) , Tanzania (16) y Laos (10) ; respecto a la asociación con el índice de riqueza y usando la misma definición de SR asumida por este estudio, en Tanzania (16) se encontró mayor proporción de SR en los participantes de menores recursos económicos. En nuestro estudio, el área de residencia (rural/urbano) no tuvo asociación estadística en el análisis multivariado, aunque en el análisis bivariado sí se encontró que, en los tres años de análisis, la prevalencia de SR fue mayor en el área rural, resultado similar a lo observado en Pakistán (14) (5,6% versus 3,9%), en Laos (10) (5,3% versus 3,8%) y Tanzania (16) (6,9% versus 5,4%).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En nuestro estudio, el área de residencia (rural/urbano) no tuvo asociación estadística en el análisis multivariado, aunque en el análisis bivariado sí se encontró que, en los tres años de análisis, la prevalencia de SR fue mayor en el área rural, resultado similar a lo observado en Pakistán (14) (5,6% versus 3,9%), en Laos (10) (5,3% versus 3,8%) y Tanzania (16) (6,9% versus 5,4%).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Prevalencia de sintomáticos respiratorios en población peruana de 15 a más años: análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar, 2013 – 2015

Gutiérrez

Roque

Romaní

et al. 2017

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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2,8% a 3,9%), 3,8% el 2014 (IC95%: 3,5% a 4,1%) y 3,3% el 2015 (IC95% de 3,0 a 3,6%). La prevalencia de SR fue mayor al 5% en personas de 60 a más años, en población de los quintiles más pobres y en residentes de zonas rurales. Concluimos que entre tres a cuatro de cada cien peruanos de 15 a más años se reporta tos con flema de ≥15 días. La proporción de SR varía según región del país. Se recomienda evaluar y ajustar la meta de sintomáticos respiratorios esperados para los establecimientos de salud del Perú.Palabras clave: Tos; Tuberculosis; Perú; prevalencia (fuente: DeCS BIREME). PREVALENCE OF SYMPTOMATIC RESPIRATORY CASES IN THE PERUVIAN POPULATION AGED 15 YEARS AND ABOVE: SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND FAMILY HEALTH SURVEY, 2013-2015 ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of symptomatic respiratory (SR) cases in the Peruvian population aged 15 years and over between 2013 and 2015. A secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was carried out. The subjects of the study were people aged 15 years and over who answered these interview questions: Do you currently have a cough with phlegm? How long have you had a cough with phlegm? People who had had a cough and phlegm for 15 days or more were defined as having SR. The prevalence of SR was 3.3% in 2013 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.8-3.9%), 3.8% in 2014 (95% CI: 3.5-4.1%), and 3.3% in 2015 (95% CI: 3.0-3.6%). The prevalence of SR was greater than 5% in people aged 60 years and over, in people in the poorest quintile, and in residents of rural areas. We conclude that 3-4% of Peruvian people aged 15 years and over report cough with phlegm for ≥15 days. The proportion with SR varies according to the region of the country. It is recommended that the expected number of symptomatic SR cases be assessed and that Peruvian healthcare be adjusted as necessary.

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Symptom- and chest-radiography screening for active pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-negative adults and adults with unknown HIV status

Hoog¹,

Viney

Biermann

et al. 2022

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Systematic screening in high‐burden settings is recommended as a strategy for early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis disease, reducing mortality, morbidity and transmission, and improving equity in access to care. Questioning for symptoms and chest radiography (CXR) have historically been the most widely available tools to screen for tuberculosis disease. Their accuracy is important for the design of tuberculosis screening programmes and determines, in combination with the accuracy of confirmatory diagnostic tests, the yield of a screening programme and the burden on individuals and the health service. Objectives To assess the sensitivity and specificity of questioning for the presence of one or more tuberculosis symptoms or symptom combinations, CXR, and combinations of these as screening tools for detecting bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis disease in HIV‐negative adults and adults with unknown HIV status who are considered eligible for systematic screening for tuberculosis disease. Second, to investigate sources of heterogeneity, especially in relation to regional, epidemiological, and demographic characteristics of the study populations. Search methods We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, and HTA (Health Technology Assessment) databases using pre‐specified search terms and consulted experts for unpublished reports, for the period 1992 to 2018. The search date was 10 December 2018. This search was repeated on 2 July 2021. Selection criteria Studies were eligible if participants were screened for tuberculosis disease using symptom questions, or abnormalities on CXR, or both, and were offered confirmatory testing with a reference standard. We included studies if diagnostic two‐by‐two tables could be generated for one or more index tests, even if not all participants were subjected to a microbacteriological reference standard. We excluded studies evaluating self‐reporting of symptoms. Data collection and analysis We categorized symptom and CXR index tests according to commonly used definitions. We assessed the methodological quality of included studies using the QUADAS‐2 instrument. We examined the forest plots and receiver operating characteristic plots visually for heterogeneity. We estimated summary sensitivities and specificities (and 95% confidence intervals (CI)) for each index test using bivariate random‐effects methods. We analyzed potential sources of heterogeneity in a hierarchical mixed‐model. Main results The electronic database search identified 9473 titles and abstracts. Through expert consultation, we identified 31 reports on national tuberculosis prevalence surveys as eligible (of which eight were already captured in the search of the electronic databases), and we identified 957 potentially relevant articles through reference checking. After removal of duplicates, we assessed 10,415 ti...

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Population Based National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey among Adults (>15 Years) in Pakistan, 2010–2011

Cited by 70 publications

References 23 publications

Gastric specimens for diagnosing tuberculosis in adults unable to expectorate in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Gastric specimens for diagnosing tuberculosis in adults unable to expectorate in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Prevalencia de sintomáticos respiratorios en población peruana de 15 a más años: análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar, 2013 – 2015

Symptom- and chest-radiography screening for active pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-negative adults and adults with unknown HIV status

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