The varied, abrupt and amazing geography of the land of Peru is home of one of the major concentrations of indigenous peoples in the world. The asymmetry of power, however, in their relationship with the rest of society and the State is still very evident in their social exclusion, their gap in social and economic development, barriers in their access to health services as well as their marginalization and exploitation as subjects of health research. In this paper, we analyse two cases of research on indigenous populations in Peru, discuss them from the point of view of bioethics and reflect on important issues for researchers, research participants and the society, such as the need to respect different cultures, the need that the research being done is relevant to the needs of the population in which it is conducted and the necessity to empower indigenous communities in participatory research, to strengthen the institutions and to protect human rights, namely through ethics committees for research and the free, informed and meaningful informed consent. This approach should foster quality research, while at the same time fully respecting human rights and bioethics. We cannot forget that advancements in genetics, throughout the world, are very much in debt to indigenous populations.
2,8% a 3,9%), 3,8% el 2014 (IC95%: 3,5% a 4,1%) y 3,3% el 2015 (IC95% de 3,0 a 3,6%). La prevalencia de SR fue mayor al 5% en personas de 60 a más años, en población de los quintiles más pobres y en residentes de zonas rurales. Concluimos que entre tres a cuatro de cada cien peruanos de 15 a más años se reporta tos con flema de ≥15 días. La proporción de SR varía según región del país. Se recomienda evaluar y ajustar la meta de sintomáticos respiratorios esperados para los establecimientos de salud del Perú.Palabras clave: Tos; Tuberculosis; Perú; prevalencia (fuente: DeCS BIREME). PREVALENCE OF SYMPTOMATIC RESPIRATORY CASES IN THE PERUVIAN POPULATION AGED 15 YEARS AND ABOVE: SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND FAMILY HEALTH SURVEY, 2013-2015 ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of symptomatic respiratory (SR) cases in the Peruvian population aged 15 years and over between 2013 and 2015. A secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was carried out. The subjects of the study were people aged 15 years and over who answered these interview questions: Do you currently have a cough with phlegm? How long have you had a cough with phlegm? People who had had a cough and phlegm for 15 days or more were defined as having SR. The prevalence of SR was 3.3% in 2013 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.8-3.9%), 3.8% in 2014 (95% CI: 3.5-4.1%), and 3.3% in 2015 (95% CI: 3.0-3.6%). The prevalence of SR was greater than 5% in people aged 60 years and over, in people in the poorest quintile, and in residents of rural areas. We conclude that 3-4% of Peruvian people aged 15 years and over report cough with phlegm for ≥15 days. The proportion with SR varies according to the region of the country. It is recommended that the expected number of symptomatic SR cases be assessed and that Peruvian healthcare be adjusted as necessary.
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