Popularity and customer preferences for over-the-counter Chinese medicines perceived by community pharmacists in Shanghai and Guangzhou: a questionnaire survey study

Shuai, Ge; He, Ting; Hu, Hao

doi:10.1186/1749-8546-9-22

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Majority of our study subjects (28.8%) selected the antibiotics on recommendation from dispensing counter, and 21.2% from past experiences and left-over strips. This observation correlates with two recent studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] where 67.3% subjects procured their medicines from retail medicine shops and the rest from left over medicines. Another study from outside India 7 reported ADRs with self-medication in 16.7% of the respondents, while in our study 13.3% of the subjects reported the ADRs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

The Extent and Factors Associated with Non-Prescription Medicine Use in Eastern India – A Cross-Sectional Survey

Das¹,

Choudhury²,

Santra³

et al. 2017

JYP

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Objective: To assess the extent, pattern and determinants of non-prescription medicine use in an urban area of eastern India. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey with total 392 subjects was carried out for 3 months by a structured questionnaire to assess the extent, pattern and determinants of non-prescription medicine use amongst the patients at a community retail medicine shop and a pharmacy running in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model in a government hospital. Results: Our study found that 61.4% of the consumers indulged in the practice of self-medication. The commonest reason for self medication was a prevailing tendency in the community followed by cost-saving and convenience. The most commonly used medicines were antacids (43.4%) followed by analgesics-antipyretics (42.6%). It was found that only 12.5% completed an ongoing course of antibiotics. Consumption of ORS was commoner in diarrhoea than vomiting and only a few (13%) of the patients dissolved the ORS powder as directed. Only 9.7% of the subjects thought non-prescription medicine use is safe. Regarding the various types of medicine preparations used by them from the two types of pharmacy, a significant difference was noted only for eye drops (p = 0.003). This result might have been obtained due to prevailing ocular infections in the selected study population and underreporting at the Ophthalmology OPD of the nearest hospital. Conclusion: The current study has documented the extent of, factors associated with, and the pattern of non-prescription medicine use resulting in a surge of self-medication practice in urban area.Key words: Non-prescription medicine use, Self-medication, PPP model, Retail pharmacy, Survey. Key message: Given the increasing emphasis on self-care and empowering the public to manage their health with non-prescription medicines, the findings highlight the need for improved pharmacovigilance of these medicines to maximize benefits with minimal risk. Healthcare providers need to be aware of the potential for misuse, abuse and dependence, particularly in patients with long-term illness. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

The Extent and Factors Associated with Non-Prescription Medicine Use in Eastern India – A Cross-Sectional Survey

Das¹,

Choudhury²,

Santra³

et al. 2017

JYP

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“…The other incompatible result was shown by Emmanuel et al (2014) indicating that the younger the individual, the greater the tendency toward self-medication (15) (36). Educated individuals seem to believe they have a proper knowledge on drugs, and thus have a greater tendency toward arbitrary drug use which is a false sense of confidence (3). Also, the majority of women who decide not to visit their doctor stated a reason related to illnesses such as cold, headache, minor pain in the back or legs, and stomachache which were regarded as simple diseases not needing a doctor's examination and medication; self-medication in such cases starts with pain killers as well as drugs alleviating the symptoms of cold and fever.…”

Section: Perceived Personal Stonewallingmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Various studies show a high consumption level of pain killers, vitamins, antibiotics, and Medicinal plants (15,27). In the study conducted by Davati et al (2006), the majority of used drugs included painkillers, digestive drugs, cold drugs, and sleeping pills (3).…”

Section: Perceived Personal Stonewallingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Exploration in Women’s Perception of the Use of Over-the-Counter Drugs: A Content Analysis

Pourghane

Ahmadi

Salimi

2017

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Background: Arbitrary drug use is considered as one of the major problems in all countries. Several studies indicate that selfmedication is more prevalent in women. In addition to the side-effects of drugs on women's health, their health behavior can affect their families, as well. Qualitative research provides insight into participants' internal world as well as the chance to specify and interpret the data and their experience at a deeper level. Objectives: The present qualitative study aimed to explore women's perception of OTC drugs. Methods:The present study is a conventional qualitative content analysis conducted on women's community in the Guilan province, the North of Iran. The study population was selected through purposive sampling, and the data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, which continued up to data saturation point. Data analysis was performed as per the stages recommended by Graneheim and Lundman. Research strength and its scientific accuracy were evaluated as per the criteria proposed by Guba and Lincoln. Results: Data analysis identified three main themes and 9 subthemes as follows: "fragmented interaction in health system (poor relationship between patients and therapists, government's poor economic support, inadequate supervision); "false self-confidence" (belief in the non-riskiness/efficiency of self-medication, self-esteem in understanding one's health status, good memories of healing); "perceived personal stonewalling" (limitations in time, huge costs of treatment, and poor understanding of nuisances). Conclusions: Participants' experience highlighted the necessity of awareness about adverse side effects of OTC drug use; such awareness can be achieved through various methods such as information dissemination and proper culture of drug use promoted by healthcare professionals to resolve the mentioned issues and improve, consolidate, and promote society's level of knowledge and health.

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“…The use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is becoming popular around the world (Ge et al, 2014). TCM not only includes herbal plants, but also includes the herbal medicine preparation and formulas well known as Chinese patent medicine (CPM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation status and barriers of good manufacturing practice (GMP) for chinese patent medicine

He¹,

Hu²,

Wang³

2015

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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Background: Safety, quality and effectiveness of Chinese patent medicine (CPM) are highly relevant to the manufacturing process. However, the level of manufacturing practice (GMP) for CPM as implemented in China is less reported in literatures. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to reveal the implementation status of GMP for CPM in China, in terms of implementation principle, implementation content, industrial impacts, and implementation barriers from both macro and micro aspects. Methods: A comprehensive analysis was carried out with archival data and field work at CPM manufacturers. Results: Both implementation principle and content of GMP for CPM in China indicated a transformation from provision-oriented to human-oriented, leaving more flexible operation space to CPM manufacturers. However, poor manufacturing practices may still exist because the implementation of GMP in China is not strict enough to eliminate all the unqualified CPM manufacturers from market. Moreover, compared with international WHO GMP, there are barriers for implementing GMP for CPM, including main deficiencies in quality control management, cost of GMP renovation projects, lack of education and training, and lack of expertise. Conclusion: This paper found that the implementation of GMP for CPM still faced many barriers though GMP had generated some positive impacts on CPM manufacturing. Removal of implementation barriers could be considered, including strengthening personnel competence, improving the quality management system and enhancing the international communication with advanced GMP regulators.

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Popularity and customer preferences for over-the-counter Chinese medicines perceived by community pharmacists in Shanghai and Guangzhou: a questionnaire survey study

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

The Extent and Factors Associated with Non-Prescription Medicine Use in Eastern India – A Cross-Sectional Survey

The Extent and Factors Associated with Non-Prescription Medicine Use in Eastern India – A Cross-Sectional Survey

An Exploration in Women’s Perception of the Use of Over-the-Counter Drugs: A Content Analysis

Implementation status and barriers of good manufacturing practice (GMP) for chinese patent medicine

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