Pools of organic carbon in soils under a long-term rice–rice system with different organic amendments in hot, sub-humid India

Anantha, Krishna Chaitanya; Majumder, Shyam Prasad; Badole, Shrikant; Padhan, Dhaneshwar; Datta, Ashim; Mandal, Biswapati; Sreenivas, C.

doi:10.1080/17583004.2020.1783624

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Conversely, the passive pool has a long residence time because of physical and biochemical protection, making it resistant to microbial actions (Zimmermann et al, 2007;Weil et al, 2017;Datta et al, 2018). Previous studies reported the effect of the cropping system on the distribution of active and passive pools in soils of subtropic (Chaudhary et al, 2017;Yadav et al, 2017Yadav et al, , 2019Anantha et al, 2020;Babu et al, 2020;Basak et al, 2021a), arid (Moharana et al, 2017), and semi-arid (Srinivasarao et al, 2013(Srinivasarao et al, , 2016Mitran et al, 2018;Basak et al, 2021b) regions. The application of organic fertilizers is also reported to improve the yield of grain crops through their influence on SOC and associated soil properties (Mandal et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe perennial grass–legume cropping system benefits soil because of its high biomass turnover, cover cropping nature, and different foraging behaviors. We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system.MethodsDepth-wise soil samples were collected after harvesting the Egyptian clover. Based on the ease of oxidation with chromic acid, different pools of SOC oxidizable using the Walkley–Black C method, very labile, labile, less labile, non-labile; and dissolved organic C (DOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and total organic C (TOC) in soils were analyzed for computing several indices of SOC.Result and discussionAfter 10 years of crop cycles, FYM and NPKF nutrient management recorded greater DOC, MBC, SOC stocks, and C sequestration than the NPK. Stocks of all SOC pools and carbon management index (CMI) decreased with soil depth. A significant improvement in CMI, stratification ratio, sensitivity indices, and sustainable yield index was observed under FYM and NPKF. This grass–legume intercropping system maintained a positive carbon balance sequestered at about 0.8Mg C ha−1 after 10 years without any external input. Approximately 44–51% of the applied carbon through manure was stabilized with SOC under this cropping system. The DOC, MBC, and SOC in passive pools were identified for predicting dry fodder yield. This study concludes that the application of organics in the perennial grass–legume inter cropping system can maintain long-term sustainability, enhance the C sequestration, and offset the carbon footprint of the farm enterprises.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

et al. 2023

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“…The higher TN in forested and 5-year fallow soils might be attributed to the higher organic carbon, which came from the return of plant and root biomass as well as residues to the soil system [28] The C and N pool sizes varied significantly among land use types, with the forested soils storing greater C and N. However, sensitivity indices measured by CPI and NPI demonstrated that their susceptibility to change was comparable to total pools [17], and could be employed as a sensitive indicator for SOC and N changes. Although the TOC and TN decrease in depth, physical attributes of the soils such as clay content, soil bulk density, amount of macroand micro-pores may exert the protection of the carbon contained in the soil [29], leading to increases in carbon stocks in depth. On the other hand, it could be inferred that the 5-year cassava cultivated soil, tended to be more unstable in the soil carbon storage that may be released to the atmosphere more easily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Use Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Index and Nitrogen Pools of a Tropical Coastal Plain Sands in Southern Nigeria

Udom

Ikiriko

Nengi-Benwari

2023

ASRJ

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Land use types can of considerable interest in efforts to quantify soil organic C and nitrogen (N) cycling, both of which are important for soil stability and fertility. A study was carried out on a tropical rainforest soils in southern Nigeria to quantify soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools and other indices under forested, 5-year fallow, cocoa plantation and a 5-year continuous cassava land uses. Soil samples were collected at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depths for measurement of these indices. Results revealed that total organic carbon (TOC and total nitrogen (TN) varied significantly among the different land uses. TOC of 30.2 g kg-1 was higher (p<0.05) in forested soils at in the 0-15 cm top soil and 22.3 g kg-1 in the subsoil. Total N was statistically significant (p<0.05) at 2.61 and 2.01 in forested and 5-year fallowed soils, respectively. The carbon pool index (CPI) was significant at 1.63 in forested soils, while nitrogen pool index (NPI) 1.30 in similar soil (p<0.05) in 0-15 cm topsoil. In 15-30 cm subsoil, CPI and NPI values were in the order of forested > cocoa plantation > 5-year cassava cultivation, with the least values of 0.44 CPI and 0.35 NPI found in 5-year cassava plots. It was concluded that CPI and NPI are valuable indicators for analyzing changes in soil quality induced by maintaining a 5-year fallow. It was found that forested and 5-year fallow land uses can be used to improved C and N stock, as well as the structural and hydraulic properties of the soils.

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“…The CMI, worked out to study the soil carbon dynamics (both labile and total C) in relation to the efficacy of different nutrient management practices on SOC and its restoration and maintenance in soil (Mandal et al, 2020), was also higher under NPK + GR + FYM option (Table 8) indicating more stable SOC compared to other treatments (Anantha et al, 2020; Chaudhary et al, 2017). A significant improvement in CMI with integrated use of organics and mineral fertilizer over mineral fertilizer alone reveals the significance of organic recycling towards sustainable RWS productivity and soil health (N. Blair et al, 2006; Gong et al, 2009; Moharana et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon dynamics in a rice‐ wheat system

et al. 2022

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Deep soil carbon (C) plays an important role in the global carbon cycle because it is more recalcitrant and remains in the soil for a longer period. Yet, very few studies have reported the impact of long-term fertilization on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in deep soil in a rice-wheat system (RWS). Hence, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the long-term fertilization impact on carbon sequestration and C pools in RWS in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India. Application of 90 kg N, 20 kg P and 25 kg K ha À1 through mineral fertilizers (NPK) + green gram incorporation (GR) + 30 kg N ha À1 through farmyard manure (FYM) sequestered more C (25.86 Mg ha À1 ) in the 0-105 cm soil depth compared with mineral fertilizer alone (1.25 Mg ha À1 ). The C-sequestration rate ranged between 0.61 to 1.23 Mg C ha À1 yr À1 under treatments having organic fertilizer and mineral fertilizer, whereas it varied from 0.06 to 0.39 Mg C ha À1 yr À1 in the treatments receiving mineral fertilizer only. Total C and critical C input were 197 Mg kg À1 and 1.94 Mg C ha À1 yr À1 , respectively under NPK + GR + FYM treatment. Integrated application of mineral fertilizers and organics in treatments NPK + FYM, NPK + SPM (sulphitation press mud), NPK + GR, NPK + GR + FYM and NPK + CR (crop residue) resulted in higher sustainable yield index of RWS compared to mineral fertilizer alone. We conclude that application of organic material along with mineral fertilizers is essential to mitigate the atmospheric C load through C-sequestration in deep soils and to attain sustainable RWS productivity in the IGP.

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Pools of organic carbon in soils under a long-term rice–rice system with different organic amendments in hot, sub-humid India

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

Land Use Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Index and Nitrogen Pools of a Tropical Coastal Plain Sands in Southern Nigeria

Long‐term impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon dynamics in a rice‐ wheat system

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