Pondermotive acceleration of charged particles along the relativistic jets of an accreting blackhole

Ebisuzaki, Toshikazu; Tajima, T.

doi:10.1140/epjst/e2014-02162-6

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Here we argue that in some laboratory, see e.g. Figure 1 from Corde et al [16], and probably most astrophysical situations such as jets in the vicinity of black holes [11,12] and flares in solar atmosphere [13], plasma wakefield acceleration of electrons is one dimensional. Namely, variation transverse to the beam's motion can be ignored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Differences in 1D electron plasma wake field acceleration in MeV versus GeV and linear versus blowout regimes

Tsiklauri

2018

Physics of Plasmas

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In some laboratory and most astrophysical situations plasma wake-field acceleration of electrons is one dimensional, i.e. variation transverse to the beam's motion can be ignored. Thus, one dimensional (1D), particle-in-cell (PIC), fully electromagnetic simulations of electron plasma wake field acceleration are conducted in order to study the differences in electron plasma wake field acceleration in MeV versus GeV and linear versus blowout regimes. First, we show that caution needs to be taken when using fluid simulations, as PIC simulations prove that an approximation for an electron bunch not to evolve in time for few hundred plasma periods only applies when it is sufficiently relativistic. This conclusion is true irrespective of the plasma temperature. We find that in the linear regime and GeV energies, the accelerating electric field generated by the plasma wake is similar to the linear and MeV regime. However, because GeV energy driving bunch stays intact for much longer time, the final acceleration energies are much larger in the GeV energies case. In the GeV energy range and blowout regime the wake's accelerating electric field is much larger in amplitude compared to the linear case and also plasma wake geometrical size is much larger. Thus, the correct positioning of the trailing bunch is needed to achieve the efficient acceleration. For the considered case, optimally there should be approximately (90 − 100)c/ωpe distance between trailing and driving electron bunches in the GeV blowout regime.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Good progress has been made in applying PWFA concepts to astrophysical plasmas. Including supermassive black hole [11,12], and solar atmosphere [13] contexts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in 1D electron plasma wake field acceleration in MeV versus GeV and linear versus blowout regimes

Tsiklauri

2018

Physics of Plasmas

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“…2-(c), in the highly relativistic regime, we clearly observe the dominance of PA, while WA remains subdominant. As the intensity of the EM pulse increases, the behavior of the plasma changes from one dominated by WA [16] to one dominated by PA [8,12,15]. This change in dynamics is due to the change in the ion response.…”

Section: Description Of Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A consequence of this may be an efficient mechanism of 𝛾-ray bursts coming from blackhole jets. In [12], the relativistic EM acceleration from mini-quasars has been studied. In such astrophysical objects, as opposed to supermassive BH, the extremity of the 𝑎 0 values is much more mitigated and thus the radiative effects are less pronounced.…”

Section: 𝜆mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alternative scenario is the acceleration by large amplitude electromagnetic waves excited near a black hole of large mass in active galactic nuclei (AGN), which can be created along the emanating jets [8,12]. * calvin.lau@uci.edu In this work [8], Ebisuzaki et al find that in the supermassive black hole (BH) jets, extremely large amplitude EM waves can be impulsively excited by the episodic magnetic instabilities [13] of the accretion disk of the BH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ponderomotive acceleration by relativistic waves

Lau

Luk

McClenaghan

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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In the extreme high intensity regime of electromagnetic (EM) waves in plasma, the acceleration process is found to be dominated by the ponderomotive acceleration (PA). While the wakefields driven by the ponderomotive force of the relativistic intensity EM waves are important, they may be overtaken by the PA itself in the extreme high intensity regime when the dimensionless vector potential a0 of the EM waves far exceeds unity. The energy gain by this regime (in 1D) is shown to be (approximately) proportional to a0 2 . Before reaching this extreme regime, the coexistence of the PA and the wakefield acceleration (WA) is observed where the wave structures driven by the wakefields show the phenomenon of multiple and folded wave-breakings. Investigated are various signatures of the acceleration processes such as the dependence on the mass ratio for the energy gain as well as the energy spectral features. The relevance to high energy cosmic ray acceleration and to the relativistic laser acceleration is considered. I.

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Wakefield acceleration

Tajima

Yan

Ebisuzaki

2020

Rev. Mod. Plasma Phys.

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The fundamental idea of Laser Wakefield Acceleration (LWFA) is reviewed. An ultrafast intense laser pulse drives coherent wakefields of relativistic amplitude with the high phase velocity robustly supported by the plasma. The structures of wakes and sheaths in plasma are contrasted. While the large amplitude of wakefields involves collective resonant oscillations of the eigenmode of the entire plasma electrons, the wake phase velocity ~ c and ultrafastness of the laser pulse introduce the wake stability and rigidity. When the phase velocity gets smaller, wakefields turn into sheaths. When we deploy laser ion acceleration or high density LWFA in which the phase velocity of plasma excitation is low, we encounter the sheath dynamics. A large number of worldwide experiments show a rapid progress of this concept realization toward both the high energy accelerator prospect and broad applications. The strong interest in this has driven novel laser technologies, including the Chirped Pulse Amplification, the Thin Film Compression (TFC), the Coherent Amplification Network, and the Relativistic Compression (RC). These in turn have created a conglomerate of novel science and technology with LWFA to form a new genre of high field science with many parameters of merit in this field increasing exponentially lately. Applications such as ion acceleration, X-ray free electron laser, electron and ion cancer therapy are discussed. A new avenue of LWFA using nanomaterials is also emerging, adopting X-ray laser using the above TFC and RC. Meanwhile, we find evidence that the Mother Nature spontaneously created wakefields that accelerate electrons and ions to very high energies.

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Pondermotive acceleration of charged particles along the relativistic jets of an accreting blackhole

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Differences in 1D electron plasma wake field acceleration in MeV versus GeV and linear versus blowout regimes

Differences in 1D electron plasma wake field acceleration in MeV versus GeV and linear versus blowout regimes

Ponderomotive acceleration by relativistic waves

Wakefield acceleration

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