Polyurethane-Based Smart Polymers

Abstract

Polyurethane is a highly versatile polymer that may be used in various types of applications with a wide range of properties. The combination of different types and ratios of isocyanate and polyol allows for the control of the desired end properties. Due to its unique properties, it has found applications in the fi elds of medical, military, automobile, and aerospace industries. Recently, there has been a prodigious interest in producing polyurethane-based smart polymers, especially shape memory polyurethane (SMPU). This is due to its excellent ability to change shape upon the application of external stimuli such as heat, electric fi eld, magnetic fi eld, and light. The existence of phase-separated structure known as soft-and hard-segment domains contributes toward the shape memory properties of polyurethane. The soft-segment domains are responsible for maintaining the temporary shape, while hard segments fi x the permanent shape. This chapter comprehensively aims to address a wide overview of polyurethane-based smart polymer and the chemistry behind the shape memory properties. In addition, this chapter also summarizes the recent studies on the exploration of SMPU using vegetable oils along with petroleum-based polyol and the potential applications of smart polyurethane.

Palm Kernel Oil Polyol-based Polyurethane as Shape Memory Material: Effect of Polyol Molar Ratio

“…4 SMPUs are widely used and attracted much interest among the researchers due to its versatility as the properties may be tailored by changing its raw materials. 5,6 Most SMPUs are petroleum based. However, due to the fluctuation of petroleum prices and depletion of fossil fuels resources as well as the awareness of the society towards the environmental concern has urged the replacement of petroleum-based polyols with natural oil-based polyol.…”

Incorporation of palm oil polyol in shape memory polyurethane: Implication for development of cardiovascular stent

“…Palm oil is extracted from fruit of oil palm species known as Elaeis guineensis which is composed of 95% triglycerides, a glycerol esterified with three fatty acids primarily the palmitic acid, oleic, and linoleic acid . Palm oil can be modified into palm oil polyol (POP) by means of increasing the number of hydroxyl groups on carbon chain of fatty acids in order to improve its reactivity . POP has been widely utilised as raw materials in the preparation of polyurethane (PU) especially the rigid PU foam for various applications.…”