Polysaccharides from Ferula sinkiangensis and Potent Inhibition of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B

Abstract

Ferula sinkiangensis is known as a medicinal plant for thousands of years in China. It is a perennial plant species endemic in Xinjiang and is used in traditional Uyghur medicine for a long time >1@. There are many reports on the pharmacological activities of Ferula, which include treating dysentery, counteracting toxins killing parasitic worms, and resolving phlegm. It is also used as a deodorant. Previous investigations of the chemical composition of Ferula have identified essential oils, flavonoids, minerals, and ferulic acid in the extract [2]. Most reports of Ferula have concentrated on the pharmacological aspects of these compounds. Only a few reports have described methods for the extraction of the polysaccharides, and none has described the isolation or identification of these compounds. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report about polysaccharides from roots of Ferula.This study will provide a basis for future research and application of these polysaccharides.The goal of the current work was to establish a method to isolate and quantitate the polysaccharides from roots of Ferula, as well as to determine their monosaccharide compositions, elucidate their structures, and evaluate water-soluble polysaccharides (FSPs), a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in vitro.Lipids, pigments, and low-molecular-weight compounds were removed from air-dried raw material by extraction with petroleum ether, CHCl 3 , and MeOH [3]. The remaining raw material was dried and then extracted with hot water to obtain FSPs. The yield was 9.5%.The total sugar and protein were measured by anthrone-sulfuric acid and Bradford methods [4,5] with D-glucose and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as standard. The analysis of total sugar and protein contents indicated that FSPs was composed of 45.1 r 3% polysaccharide and 12.5 r 3% protein. Furthermore, uronic acid measurement by the m-hydroxydiphenol method [6] with D-galacturonic acid as standard indicated that 28.1 r 3% of the polysaccharide moiety in FSPs was acidic. Consequently, the preliminary results demonstrated that FSPs was an acid proteoglycan.After removing proteins by the Savage method [7], the crude polysaccharides (FSPs) gave a negative response to the Bradford test, and no absorption was detected at 280 and 260 nm, indicating the absence of protein and nucleic acids.The neutral polysaccharide, eluted with distilled water, was named FSPs-n. The acidic polysaccharides, eluted by the stepwise addition of 0-1.0 M NaCl solutions, was named FSPs-a. The yields of the two fractions were 6.8 and 14.8% in the crude polysaccharides [8,9].According to the results of HPLC analysis [10,11], the carbohydrate portion of FSPs contained ribose, arabinose, glucose, fucose, and galactose in a ratio of 8.9:3.3:2.1:1.5:0.3. FSPs-n was composed of glucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, and mannose in a ratio of 3.9:4.0:1.8:1.4:0.8, and FSPs-a contained glucose, xylose, mannose, and arabinose in a ratio of 6.5:4.0:1.7:1.0. Furthermore, FSPs and FSPs-a were composed of gluc...

Ferula sinkiangensis (Chou-AWei, Chinese Ferula): Traditional Uses, Phytoconstituents, Biosynthesis, and Pharmacological Activities

“…The resin of the roots or stems of F. sinkiangensis (Ferulae Resina, “AWei” in China) is a folk medicine recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia [ 25 ]. It is often utilized for reducing the symptoms of lumps, indigestion, joint pain, wound infection, baldness, bronchitis, and ovarian cysts by Uygur people in Xinjiang [ 25 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. It also is efficient in killing intestinal worms, as well as treating parasite-caused malnutrition, abdominal and stomachic swelling pain, diarrhea, malaria, abdominal mass, cold, and measles.…”

“…Ghulameden et al, reported the separation of water-soluble polysaccharide from F. sinkiangensis roots gathered from Yili, Xinjiang Region, China using DEAE-cellulose-52 column (distilled H 2 O, as eluent) that was assigned by IR and HPLC analyses. The FSPs (crude polysaccharides) had ribose/arabinose/glucose/fucose/galactose (ratios 8.9/3.3/2.1/1.5/0.3), while FSPs-n (neutral polysaccharides) and FSPs-a (acidic polysaccharides) contained glucose/xylose/arabinose/galactose/mannose (ratios 3.9/4.0/1.8/1.4/0.8) and glucose/xylose/mannose/arabinose (ratios 6.5/4.0/1.7/1.0), respectively [ 34 ].…”

“…FSPs-a (acidic polysaccharides) fraction of F. sinkiangensis roots water-soluble polysaccharides revealed in vitro PTP1B (protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B) competitive inhibition (IC 50 0.29 µg/mL, % inhibition 91.23%) [ 34 ]. In another study, the PTP1B inhibitory potential of the different polysaccharides fractions was estimated.…”

Diagnostic signs of aboveground and underground organs of Ferula Tenuisecta Korov. in natural conditions

“…Plants containing a high amount of flavonoids are used as choleretic, juice-reducing, and capillary-strengthening agents [4]. Species of the genus Ferula are valuable essential oil (39), fodder (23), medicinal (17), melliferous (18), starchy (9) and food (8) [5,6]. Many species of Umbelliferae are endemic, the study of these species is relevant due to the possibility of their extinction [7].…”

Comparative study of underground organs of Kamelinia tianschanica and Korshinskya olgae (Apiaceae)

“…Надземные и подземные органы видов семейства Apiaceae, благодаря высокому содержанию физиологически активных веществ, являются основным источником сырья, что послужило изучению их химического состава для использования в фармпроизводстве (Bukreeva, Pimenov, 1991;Kotenko et al, 2009;Eisenman et al, 2013;Khalilova et al, 2013;Ghulameden et al, 2014;Fedoseyeva, Bashar, 2016).…”