Polysaccharides Elaborated by Pullularia pullulans. Part II. The Partial Acid Hydrolysis of the Neutral Glucan Synthesised from Sucrose Solutions.

Bouveng, Hans O.; Kiessling, Hans; Lindberg, Bengt; McKay, James; Meisingseth, E.

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.17-0797

Cited by 29 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Direct comparison with known substances has shown that such a bond cannot be of the a-1,6type, since B3 is neither panose nor 4,6-di-0-(a-Dglucopyranosyl)-D-glucose. In view of the facts that biosynthesis of this compound appears to be by a glucosyltransferase reaction from maltose, and that maltose but not isomaltose is an intermediate in its enzymatic degradation by the lysosomal glucosidase, there also is little likelihood that B3 is 6-a-maltosylglucose ("isopanose") which has been isolated from a partial acid hydrolysate of pullulan (Bouweng et al, 1963) and also synthesized enzymatically (French et al, 1964). Lukomskaya (1960) from rabbit muscle and liver can catalyze the synthesis from maltose at pH 6.8 of isomaltose, nigerose, maltotriose, panose, and a trisaccharide which was stated to have possibly an a-l,3-glucosidic bond linking two of its glucose units.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysosomal α-glucosidase. I. Purification and properties of the rat liver enzyme

Jeffrey¹,

Brown²,

Brown³

1970

Biochemistry

104

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An a-glucosidase has been purified 1300-fold from the lysosomal fraction of rat liver. The preparation appears to be homogeneous when subjected to equilibrium ultracentrifugation. The degree of purification of the enzyme at each step in its preparation was essentially the same whether the assay substrate was maltose, glycogen, or isomaltose. Thus, the enzyme appears to have a-1,6-glucosidase as well as a-l,4-glucosidase activity. Both of these activities sedimented at the same rate when the purified enzyme was centrifuged in a linear sucrose gradient. The apparent molecular weight of the protein is about 114,000. The enzyme has maximal activity toward maltose at pH 3.7, toward isomaltose at pH 4.2, and toward glycogen at pH 4.4. Similar pH optima were found in acetate and citrate buffers. Glucose formation from glycogen can be stimulated fivefold at pH 4.0 by 0.2 M KCl. This T he lysosomes which are present in liver are known to contain a large number of hydrolases with specificities directed toward a variety of intracellular and extracellular macromolecular substances as well as toward compounds of simpler structure which occur within the cell. Presumably, the

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysosomal α-glucosidase. I. Purification and properties of the rat liver enzyme

Jeffrey¹,

Brown²,

Brown³

1970

Biochemistry

104

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“…Only traces of (1,3)-linked glucopyranose, shown by the presence of the derivative 2,4,6-Me 3 -Glc p , could be found by methylation analyses. Other linkage types, including α-(1,3) and even β-(1,3) and β-(1,6) were found in the pullulan chain of different strains (Bouveng et al 1962 ; Fujii et al 1984 ; Sowa et al 1963 ). The presence of 2,3,6-Me 3 -Glc p and 2,3,4-Me 3 -Glc p in similar proportions to those found in pullulan, indicates that K. petricola A95 mainly produces a pullulan-like polymer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosive extracellular polysaccharides of the rock-inhabiting model fungus Knufia petricola

et al. 2017

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Melanised cell walls and extracellular polymeric matrices protect rock-inhabiting microcolonial fungi from hostile environmental conditions. How extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) perform this protective role was investigated by following development of the model microcolonial black fungus Knufia petricola A95 grown as a sub-aerial biofilm. Extracellular substances were extracted with NaOH/formaldehyde and the structures of two excreted polymers studied by methylation as well as NMR analyses. The main polysaccharide (~ 80%) was pullulan, also known as α-1,4-; α-1,6-glucan, with different degrees of polymerisation. Αlpha-(1,4)-linked-Glcp and α-(1,6)-linked-Glcp were present in the molar ratios of 2:1. A branched galactofuromannan with an α-(1,2)-linked Manp main chain and a β-(1,6)-linked Galf side chain formed a minor fraction (~ 20%). To further understand the roles of EPS in the weathering of minerals and rocks, viscosity along with corrosive properties were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The kinetic viscosity of extracellular K. petricola A95 polysaccharides (≈ 0.97 × 10−6 m2 s−1) ranged from the equivalent of 2% (w/v) to 5% glycerine, and could thus profoundly affect diffusion-dominated processes. The corrosive nature of rock-inhabiting fungal EPS was also demonstrated by its effects on the aluminium coating of the AFM cantilever and the silicon layer below.

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“…There is also a direct implication of the production of high molecular polysaccharide by this fungus which is pullulan. Pullulan, an extracellular water‐soluble polysaccharide produced by Aureobasidium pullulans , is a linear α ‐D‐glucan, consisting mainly of maltotriose units interconnected by α (1 → 6) linkage . Pullulan produces a high‐viscosity solution at a relatively low concentration and can be used for oxygen impermeable films, thickening or extending agents or adhesives .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid, sensitive and direct analysis of exopolysaccharides from biofilm on aluminum surfaces exposed to sea water using MALDI‐TOF MS

Hasan

Gopal²,

Wu³

2011

J. Mass. Spectrom.

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Biofilm studies have extensive significance since their results can provide insights into the behavior of bacteria on material surfaces when exposed to natural water. This is the first attempt of using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for detecting the polysaccharides formed in a complex biofilm consisting of a mixed consortium of marine microbes. MALDI-MS has been applied to directly analyze exopolysaccharides (EPS) in the biofilm formed on aluminum surfaces exposed to seawater. The optimal conditions for MALDI-MS applied to EPS analysis of biofilm have been described. In addition, microbiologically influenced corrosion of aluminum exposed to sea water by a marine fungus was also observed and the fungus identity established using MALDI-MS analysis of EPS. Rapid, sensitive and direct MALDI-MS analysis on biofilm would dramatically speed up and provide new insights into biofilm studies due to its excellent advantages such as simplicity, high sensitivity, high selectivity and high speed. This study introduces a novel, fast, sensitive and selective platform for biofilm study from natural water without the need of tedious culturing steps or complicated sample pretreatment procedures.

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Polysaccharides Elaborated by Pullularia pullulans. Part II. The Partial Acid Hydrolysis of the Neutral Glucan Synthesised from Sucrose Solutions.

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Lysosomal α-glucosidase. I. Purification and properties of the rat liver enzyme

Lysosomal α-glucosidase. I. Purification and properties of the rat liver enzyme

Corrosive extracellular polysaccharides of the rock-inhabiting model fungus Knufia petricola

Rapid, sensitive and direct analysis of exopolysaccharides from biofilm on aluminum surfaces exposed to sea water using MALDI‐TOF MS

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