Polypyrrole films formation by square waves in NaClO<sub>4</sub> aqueous medium: Consecutive potential steps study

Fernándezotero, T.; Larreta, E. De; Tejada, R.

doi:10.1002/masy.19880200160

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…) ixp [9] and Rp = slope • [M0] 100 [10] The higher the current density is the higher the eonversion-time slopes that are observed; that means higher poly-o -3.4 merization rates. The polymerization rates obtained from the slopes (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyacrylamide Electrogeneration at High‐Current Densities and Different Water Content in DMF / NaNO3 Solutions

Otero¹,

Garcia²

1993

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Polyacrylamide was electrogenerated in dimethyl formamide at high current densities and different water content. The polymerization rate (Rp) was proportional to i 1.2 [H20]-04 over current densities between 40 and 140 mA 9 cm -2, and water content between 0.12 and 5.7M. Polymerization begins after an induction time for the current flow. The formation and growth of a polyaerylamide film on the electrode during the induction period was followed by microgravimetry and identified by FTIR specular reflectance spectroscopy. The oxidation of water through the polyacrylamide film is proposed as the origin of the water's order dependence and the diminution of the average viscosimetric molar mass when the water content rises. Those aspects are included in a partial model of the interracial reactions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyacrylamide Electrogeneration at High‐Current Densities and Different Water Content in DMF / NaNO3 Solutions

Otero¹,

Garcia²

1993

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Two polypyrrole films (one per side of the steel plate) were synthesized from a 0.2 M pyrrole and 0.1 M LiClO 4 acetonitrile solution having 1% water content. In order to get flat and uniform films [22,23] they were electrogenerated by consecutive square potential waves [5,24,25] from −0.322 V, held for 2 s, to 0.872 V, held for 8 s, during the time required to consume a total polymerization charge (anodic minus cathodic charges) of 50 C, getting an average thickness of 30 µm. After reduction at −0.322 V for five minutes, the coated electrode was rinsed with Milli-Q water and dried in air.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using reactive artificial muscles to determine water exchange during reactions

Otero

Martínez

Zaifoglu

2013

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Artificial muscles based on films of conducting polymers translate film volume variations, driven by electrochemical reactions (Faradaic motors), into macroscopic movements with generation of mechanical energy. The reaction promotes exchange of counterions (anions here) and solvent molecules with the electrolyte. Attributing here both the film volume variation and the movement originated by these exchanges of ions and solvent, the described angles can be used to quantify the exchanged solvent. Different angles described by bending muscles consuming equal driving charges in electrolytes having the same cation and different anions were measured. The number of exchanged counterions is given by the consumed charge and the ion valence: this is a Faradaic reaction. The described angle fraction due to the exchanged anions is given by the number of anions and the crystallographic radius. Taking as reference the anion giving the shorter angle, whatever the consumed charge, the relative number of solvent molecules exchanged by the polymeric membrane during a reversible reaction was determined. Actuators and artificial muscles can be used as useful tools for, at least, an initial study of the solvent exchange during reactions in reactive gels.

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Molecular or Nanoscale Structures? The Deciding Factor of Surface Properties on Functionalized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanorod Arrays

Lin

Luo

Zhu

et al. 2013

Adv Funct Materials

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Nanostructures of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) are assembled by using an anodic aluminum oxide template directly fabricated on gold-coated silicon wafers. Inside these templates, PEDOT and hydroxy functionalized PEDOT form tubes. On the other hand, alkyl-and perfl uoro-functionalized PEDOTs assembled as nanorods. This approach allows a platform to understand the molecular and nanostructural effect on the surface wettability of these materials. In the water/air interface, the contact angle of water droplet (CA water ) for the smooth alkyl-functionalized PEDOT fi lms increases when alkyl chain gets longer. In contrast, the contact angle reachs saturation at 130 ° with alkyl chain longer than ethyl in assembled nanorod arrays. It remains the same even in the case of perfl uoro-functionalized PEDOT. Moreover, ethyl-functionalized PEDOT (PEDOT-C2) nanorods displays superoleophilicity and the oil deoplet cannot stay on the fi lm in water. Based on the wettability studies, it is concluded that the nanostructures contribute predominantly for the surface wettability of these nanomaterials when the length of alkyl chain crosses certain threshold. Scheme 1 . Schematic illustration of the fabrication of alkyl-and perfl uoro-functionalized PEDOTs nanorod arrays.

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Polypyrrole films formation by square waves in NaClO₄ aqueous medium: Consecutive potential steps study

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Polyacrylamide Electrogeneration at High‐Current Densities and Different Water Content in DMF / NaNO3 Solutions

Polyacrylamide Electrogeneration at High‐Current Densities and Different Water Content in DMF / NaNO3 Solutions

Using reactive artificial muscles to determine water exchange during reactions

Molecular or Nanoscale Structures? The Deciding Factor of Surface Properties on Functionalized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanorod Arrays

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Polypyrrole films formation by square waves in NaClO4 aqueous medium: Consecutive potential steps study

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Polyacrylamide Electrogeneration at High‐Current Densities and Different Water Content in DMF / NaNO3 Solutions

Polyacrylamide Electrogeneration at High‐Current Densities and Different Water Content in DMF / NaNO3 Solutions

Using reactive artificial muscles to determine water exchange during reactions

Molecular or Nanoscale Structures? The Deciding Factor of Surface Properties on Functionalized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanorod Arrays

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Product

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Polypyrrole films formation by square waves in NaClO₄ aqueous medium: Consecutive potential steps study