Polypyrrole and Polythiophene Modified Carbon Nanotube‐Based Cathode Catalysts for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Abstract

The development of non-precious metal cathode catalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFC) is beneficial for achieving a more affordable and sustainable H 2 economy. Herein, we propose a polypyrrole, polythiophene, and multiwalled carbon nanotube-based composite material (PPy/PTh/ MWCNT) for the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the AEMFC cathode. The PPy/PTh/MWCNT catalyst has a tubular micro-mesoporous structure with high specific surface area. The elemental composition of the catalyst's surface was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In 0.1 M KOH solution, the ORR half-wave potential is À 0.16 V (SCE) and the electron transfer number is 4. In a single-cell AEMFC, the PPy/ PTh/MWCNT catalyst exhibited a maximum power density of 284 mW cm À 2 , which is 86 % of the value obtained using commercial Pt/C cathode catalyst under the same testing conditions.

Electrospun Carbon Nanofibre‐Based Catalysts Prepared with Co and Fe Phthalocyanine for Oxygen Reduction in Acidic Medium

“…The Raman spectra of the catalysts were normalised to the intensity of the G band. The first‐order Raman spectra were fitted following the four‐peak model according to the procedure from previously published investigations [48,49] . The I D1 / I G ratio (integrated areas under the bands) were 1.83, 1.68, 1.51 and 1.80 for MN 4 −CNF−IL, MN 4 −CNF−IL−A, D−MN 4 −CNF−IL and D−MN 4 −CNF−IL−A catalysts, respectively.…”

“…For excitation, the non‐monochromatic Al K α X‐rays (1468.6 eV) were used and the electron take‐off angle was 90°. The XPS data were processed according to the method published previously [49] …”

Pyrolyzed cobalt hexacyanocobaltate dispersed on reduced-graphene-oxide as an electrocatalyst of the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline medium

“…These materials include conductive-polymer-based complexes (pyrolyzed and non-pyrolyzed), non-pyrolyzed transition metal macrocycles, metal oxide/carbide/nitride, and metal/nitrogen/carbon. 1–13…”

“…These materials include conductive-polymer-based complexes (pyrolyzed and non-pyrolyzed), non-pyrolyzed transition metal macrocycles, metal oxide/carbide/nitride, and metal/nitrogen/carbon. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Ideally the ORR is a four-electron transfer accompanied by four protons to form water; however, even when using highly efficient catalytic systems such as Vulcan-supported Pt nanoparticles, intermediate species are produced, especially hydrogen peroxide in acidic media or peroxide ions in alkaline media. 14,15 Alkaline media have gained attention for the ORR because of a lower overpotential and a less corrosive environment relative to acidic media.…”

MOF-Based Co and Mn Embedded in Nitrogen-Doped Microporous Carbon as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

“…Among the studied nonnoble metal catalysts, transition metals and nitrogen-doped carbon (M-N-C, M: Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, etc.) catalysts have received great attention because of their good catalytic activity, ideal stability, and cost-effective scalable synthesis [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Previous researches have reported that the electrocatalytic performance of the M-N-C catalysts follows the order of Fe > Co > Mn > Ni in alkaline electrolytes [21][22][23].…”