Polypore survey of Finland 2. The genus Phellinus

Abstract

Distribution maps are presented for all the species of Phellinus occurring in Finland and host plant statistics are given for each species. The ecological characteristics and pathogemcity of the species are discussed, and an evaluation made of their economic Importance as pathogens and wood-rotting fungi on merchantable timber and ornamental trees and shrubs. At present 18 species of Phellinus are known to occur in Finland, 13 on deciduous and 5 on coniferous trees. The most important hardwood-decaying species is P. igniarius (L.) Que!., followed by P. tremulae (Bond.) Bond. & Borisov, which infects Populus tremula. Of the conifer-decaying species, the most harmful is P. chrysoloma (Fr.) Donk (on Picea abies, especially in northern Finland), followed by a much less important species, P. pini (Brat.) A.Ames on Pinus sylvestris. The generic concept of Phellinus is briefly discussed, and some author citations are altered in the specific names according to the changes in the Code of Nomenclature enacted in 1981 .

Phellinus species on Betula. Mating tests, RFLP analysis of enzymatically amplified rDNA, and relations to Phellinus alni

“…comm.). As noted by Niemela and Kotiranta ( 1982), reports of P. nigricans from Central Europe and further south are due to a misunderstanding of the species concept. Since P. trivialis (Bres.)…”

“…The designations are variable, i.e. P. igniarius f. nigricans Bondartsev (Bondartsev 1953), P. trivialis f. betularum Jahn (Jahn 1963), and P. nigricans (Domanski et al 1973;Niemela 1975;Niemela & Kotiranta 1982;Jiilich 1984;Breitenbach & Kranzlin 1986;Parmasto 1993). In all cases Betula is given as the main host, preferentially dead or severely wounded stems.…”

“…& Borisov (Bondartsev 1953;Jahn 1962;Domanski et al 1973;Niemela 1974) and P. populicola Niemela (Niemela 1975;Jahn 1979;Kreisel 1987) are limited to Populus L. In Central Europe, the type species of the group, P. igniarius, so far has been demonstrated only for species of Salix L. (Fischer 1995). Possibly it also grows on Populus (Eriksson 1958;Kreisel1961 ;Jahn 1963;Domanski et al 1973;Niemela 1975;Benkert 1977;Niemela & Kotiranta 1982), but at least some of these findings represent P. populicola instead.…”

“…Parm. In Fennoscandia, Betula is cited as the main host of P. igniarius (Eriksson 1958;Niemela 1975;Niemela & Kotiranta 1982;Erkkila & Niemela 1986;Renvall et al 1991); besides , the taxon is found on Salix and numerous other trees . As well, in the eastern part of Europe and the territory of the former USSR Betula is reported as common host (Bondartsev 1953 ;Domanski et al 1973).…”

Polypore survey of Finland 4. Phaeolus, Fistulina, Ganoderma and Ischnoderma

“…In two earlier papers of this series (Niemela & Kotiranta 1982, 1983 we presented maps of the poroid Hymenochaetales. The systematic position of Phaeolus has varied from time to.…”