Polypodiaceae

Phylogeny has long informed pteridophyte classification. As our ability to infer evolutionary trees has improved, classifications aimed at recognizing natural groups have become increasingly predictive and stable. Here, we provide a modern, comprehensive classification for lycophytes and ferns, down to the genus level, utilizing a community‐based approach. We use monophyly as the primary criterion for the recognition of taxa, but also aim to preserve existing taxa and circumscriptions that are both widely accepted and consistent with our understanding of pteridophyte phylogeny. In total, this classification treats an estimated 11 916 species in 337 genera, 51 families, 14 orders, and two classes. This classification is not intended as the final word on lycophyte and fern taxonomy, but rather a summary statement of current hypotheses, derived from the best available data and shaped by those most familiar with the plants in question. We hope that it will serve as a resource for those wanting references to the recent literature on pteridophyte phylogeny and classification, a framework for guiding future investigations, and a stimulus to further discourse.

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“…1873): Platycerium alcicorne Desv. Circumscription sensu Hennipman et al (). Monophyletic (Kreier & Schneider, ).…”

Section: Classificationunclassified

A community‐derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns

2016

J of Sytematics Evolution

1,137

273

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“…With existing evidence from both morphology and molecular data, some of these genera can be maintained in their approximate original circumscription, e.g., Synammia (Schneider et al, 2006) and Serpocaulon ; while others contain heterogeneous elements, e.g., Polypodium (Hennipman et al, 1990), or are not monophyletic. Sometimes, the evidence for polyphyly has come through examination of morphological characters (Tejero-Díez, 2005;Tejero-Díez et al, 2010); other evidence has accumulated as a result of cytological studies, especially the discovery of intergeneric hybrids (Gómez-Pignataro, 1975;Wagner and Wagner, 1975;Anthony and Schelpe, 1985;Mickel and Beitel, 1987) that contraindicate current taxonomic circumscriptions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae), a redefinition of the genus and nomenclatural novelties

Smith

Tejero-Díez

2014

Bot. Sci.

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Recent evidence from morphological, cytological, and gene sequencing studies has provided several additional evidence that the genus Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae) requires redefi nition to include other polypod genera and species with peltate scales on the leaf blades. Groups to be included are Polypodium subg. Marginaria (species treated in the group of P. polypodioides (L.) Watt by Moran), and also including the P. squamatum and P. plebeium groups, Dicranoglossum, Microphlebodium, Neurodium, and Pseudocolysis. In this paper, we review all species of Polypodiaceae that we believe belong to Pleopeltis and make 35 species combinations, one varietal combination, one new status, and fi ve hybrid combinations. In addition, three new names are necessary for species prevented from transfer because to do so results in homonymy. As redefi ned, Pleopeltis comprises ca. 90 species, mainly in the New World, but with two species and one hybrid in Africa, India, and Sri Lanka; it excludes Lepisorus in Asia and Africa, as well as many other especially simple-bladed Old World species once placed in Pleopeltis but now included in other Paleotropical genera, e.g., Lemmaphyllum, Leptochilus, and Selliguea. We provide a key to separate the American polypod genera, and address biogeographical data that derive from this new circumscription. In two appendices, we list previously accepted taxa of Pleopeltis for which combinations are already available, as well as salient synonymy. Key words: fern classifi cation, Neotropics, new combinations, Polypodium, synonymy Resumen: La evidencia reciente proveniente de estudios morfológicos, citológicos y de la secuenciación de genes en Polypodiaceae, ha proporcionado información sufi ciente para considerar que el género Pleopeltis requiere una redefi nición, con el fi n de incluir otros géneros y especies de la familia que presentan escamas peltadas en las hojas; aquellas consideradas hasta el momento como Polypodium subg. Marginaria (especies tratadas en el grupo de Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt por Moran), también de los grupos de P. squamatum y P. plebeium, y de Dicranoglossum, Microphlebodium, Neurodium y Pseudocolysis. En este trabajo se revisaron todas las especies de Polypodiaceae que, de acuerdo a las evidencias morfológicas, al parecer pertenecen a Pleopeltis. En total se realizaron 35 combinaciones nuevas a nivel de especie, una en el nivel de variedad, un nombre con rango nuevo y cinco en los híbridos. Adicionalmente, fue necesario establecer tres nuevos nombres, dado que la transferencia a Pleopeltis dio lugar a homonimias. La nueva redefi nición de Pleopeltis comprende ca. 90 especies, sobre todo en el Nuevo Mundo, dos especies y un híbrido en África, India y Sri Lanka; se excluye a Lepisorus en Asia y África. Se proporciona una clave para separar los géneros de Polypodiaceae americanos y la distribución geográfi ca que se deriva de esta nueva circunscripción. En dos apéndices se enumera los nombres para las combinaciones de Pleopeltis que ya estaban disponibles, así co...

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“…Grammitidaceae sensu Parris, 1990) are nested firmly within the Polypodiaceae sensu Hennipman & al. (1990).…”

Section: Forms a Clade Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny of the Fern Genus Melpomene (Polypodiaceae) Inferred from Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Analysis

et al. 2009

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Leptosporangiate ferns, with more than 9000 extant species, are truly exceptional among the non-flowering lineages of vascular plants. However, this rather remarkable diversity was not simply a consequence of being able to "hold on" as flowering plants rose to dominance. Instead, it appears to be the result of an ecological opportunistic response to the establishment of more complex, angiosperm-dominated ecosystems. The proliferation of flowering plants across the landscape undoubtedly resulted in the formation of a plethora of new niches into which leptosporangiate ferns could diversify. Many of these were evidently on shady forest floors, but many others were actually within the new angiosperm-dominated canopies. Today, almost one third of leptosporangiate species grow as epiphytes on angiosperm trees. My dissertation aims to demystify the evolution and diversification of epiphytic ferns in order to more fully understand the leptosporangiate success story. By assembling and analyzing the most inclusive molecular dataset for leptosporangiate ferns to date, I provide unprecedented insight into overall fern relationships and a solid and balanced phylogenetic framework within which the evolution of epiphytism can be examined. By employing this phylogeny and numerous constraints from the fern fossil record, I uncover the timing of epiphytic fern diversification and examine the origin of the modern tropical rain forest biome in which these ferns reside.

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Polypodiaceae

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

A community‐derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns

A community‐derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns

Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae), a redefinition of the genus and nomenclatural novelties

Phylogeny of the Fern Genus Melpomene (Polypodiaceae) Inferred from Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Analysis

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