A community‐derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns

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doi:10.1111/jse.12229

Cited by 1,035 publications

(260 citation statements)

References 282 publications

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“…This resulted in a dataset of 1,118 taxa (1,116 species). The GenBank taxon names were updated to follow the linear fern classification 52 with some modifications following the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification 53 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns

Lehtonen

Silvestro

Karger

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

136

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Combining palaeontological and neontological data offers a unique opportunity to investigate the relative roles of biotic and abiotic controls of species diversification, and the importance of origination versus extinction in driving evolutionary dynamics. Ferns comprise a major terrestrial plant radiation with an extensive evolutionary history providing a wealth of modern and fossil data for modelling environmental drivers of diversification. Here we develop a novel Bayesian model to simultaneously estimate correlations between diversification dynamics and multiple environmental trajectories. We estimate the impact of different factors on fern diversification over the past 400 million years by analysing a comprehensive dataset of fossil occurrences and complement these findings by analysing a large molecular phylogeny. We show that origination and extinction rates are governed by fundamentally different processes: originations depend on within-group diversity but are largely unaffected by environmental changes, whereas extinctions are strongly affected by external factors such as climate and geology. Our results indicate that the prime driver of fern diversity dynamics is environmentally driven extinction, with origination being an opportunistic response to diminishing ecospace occupancy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns

Lehtonen

Silvestro

Karger

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

136

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“…The order comprises about 20 extant species originally placed in three or four genera with four (three) subgenera. The recently published, first comprehensive classification of the pteridophyte phylogeny group (PPG) recognizes all former subgenera of Osmunda as distinct genera (PPG I, 2016). Osmundales has arguably the richest and most informative fossil record of any extant group of ferns (Arnold, 1964; Miller, 1971; Tidwell & Ash, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fossil Osmundales (Royal Ferns)—a phylogenetic network analysis, revised taxonomy, and evolutionary classification of anatomically preserved trunks and rhizomes

Bomfleur

Grimm

McLoughlin

2017

PeerJ

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The Osmundales (Royal Fern order) originated in the late Paleozoic and is the most ancient surviving lineage of leptosporangiate ferns. In contrast to its low diversity today (less than 20 species in six genera), it has the richest fossil record of any extant group of ferns. The structurally preserved trunks and rhizomes alone are referable to more than 100 fossil species that are classified in up to 20 genera, four subfamilies, and two families. This diverse fossil record constitutes an exceptional source of information on the evolutionary history of the group from the Permian to the present. However, inconsistent terminology, varying formats of description, and the general lack of a uniform taxonomic concept renders this wealth of information poorly accessible. To this end, we provide a comprehensive review of the diversity of structural features of osmundalean axes under a standardized, descriptive terminology. A novel morphological character matrix with 45 anatomical characters scored for 15 extant species and for 114 fossil operational units (species or specimens) is analysed using networks in order to establish systematic relationships among fossil and extant Osmundales rooted in axis anatomy. The results lead us to propose an evolutionary classification for fossil Osmundales and a revised, standardized taxonomy for all taxa down to the rank of (sub)genus. We introduce several nomenclatural novelties: (1) a new subfamily Itopsidemoideae (Guaireaceae) is established to contain Itopsidema, Donwelliacaulis, and Tiania; (2) the thamnopteroid genera Zalesskya, Iegosigopteris, and Petcheropteris are all considered synonymous with Thamnopteris; (3) 12 species of Millerocaulis and Ashicaulis are assigned to modern genera (tribe Osmundeae); (4) the hitherto enigmatic Aurealcaulis is identified as an extinct subgenus of Plenasium; and (5) the poorly known Osmundites tuhajkulensis is assigned to Millerocaulis. In addition, we consider Millerocaulis stipabonettiorum a possible member of Palaeosmunda and Millerocaulis estipularis as probably constituting the earliest representative of the (Todea-)Leptopteris lineage (subtribe Todeinae) of modern Osmundoideae.

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“…The gymnosperms are organised according to Christenhusz et al (2011); ferns and lycophytes follow PPG I (2016); bryophytes follow Söderström et al (2016); and algae follow Guiry and Guiry (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbarium collection of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden (RB), Brazil

Lanna

Silva

Morim

et al. 2018

BDJ

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BackgroundThis paper provides a quantitative and general description of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden herbarium (RB) dataset. Created over a century ago, the RB currently comprises ca. 750,000 mounted specimens, with a strong representation of Brazilian flora, mainly from the Atlantic and Amazon forests. Nearly 100% of these specimens have been entered into the database and imaged and, at present, about 17% have been geo-referenced. This data paper is focused exclusively on RB's exsiccatae collection of land plants and algae, which is currently increasing by about twenty to thirty thousand specimens per year thanks to fieldwork, exchange and donations. Since 2005, many national and international projects have been implemented, improving the quality and accessibility of the collection. The most important facilitating factor in this process was the creation of the institutional system for plants collection and management, named JABOT. Since the RB is continuously growing, the dataset is updated weekly on SiBBr and GBIF portals.New informationThe most represented environments are the Atlantic and Amazon forests, a biodiversity hotspot and the world's largest rain forest, respectively. The dataset described in this article contains the data and metadata of plants and algae specimens in the RB collection and the link to access the respective images. Currently, the RB data is publicly available online at several biodiversity portals, such as our institutional database JABOT, the Reflora Virtual Herbarium, the SiBBr and the GBIF portal. However, a description of the RB dataset as a whole is not available in the literature.

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A community‐derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns

Cited by 1,035 publications

References 282 publications

Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns

Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns

The fossil Osmundales (Royal Ferns)—a phylogenetic network analysis, revised taxonomy, and evolutionary classification of anatomically preserved trunks and rhizomes

Herbarium collection of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden (RB), Brazil

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